{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T01:03:25Z","timestamp":1790298205502,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,28]],"date-time":"2008-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1209340800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2919,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proc. Nutr. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>It has been proposed that there are critical periods during childhood that influence the development of obesity, including gestation and early infancy, the period of adiposity rebound that occurs between ages 5 and 7 years, and adolescence. Despite an extensive literature, there is to date only modest evidence for most of the factors such as nutrition, physical activity and other behavioural factors that are suspected as playing a role in the development of obesity. A recent review of this evidence (Parsons <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic> 1999) showed, however, a consistent relationship between socio-economic status (SES) of origin and adult obesity, whereby those from lower SES backgrounds were fatter subsequently in adulthood. This association appeared to apply to both men and women, a finding that contrasts with the trends observed in cross-sectional studies, of an association with SES for women only. There are several potential explanations for the SES of origin\u2013adult obesity relationship. SES of origin may be confounded by parental body size; studies to date provide insufficient evidence of an independent association with SES after allowing for parental body size. Alternatively, environment in early life (for which SES of origin is a proxy measure) may have a long-term impact on obesity later in adulthood, through one or more of several processes. Three major potential explanations can be identified: (1) nutrition in infancy and childhood, either over- or undernutrition, followed subsequently by overnutrition; (2) psychological factors, possibly involving emotional deprivation in childhood; (3) cultural or social norms regarding dietary restraint and attitudes to fatness that may be acquired during childhood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s002966510000029x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,29]],"date-time":"2009-06-29T08:49:07Z","timestamp":1246265347000},"page":"267-272","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Nutritional and other influences in childhood as predictors of adult obesity"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Chris","family":"Power","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tessa","family":"Parsons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007411613576"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-198412000-00004"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref002","volume-title":"Fetal and Infant Origins of Adult Disease","author":"Barker","year":"1992"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.6.2.131"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1550-8528.1995.tb00179.x"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07474-6"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref033","volume-title":"Health Survey for England '96","author":"Prescott-Clarke","year":"1998"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800454"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref016","first-page":"97","article-title":"Social factors in obesity","volume":"192","author":"Goldblatt","year":"1965","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref021","first-page":"689","article-title":"Socioeconomic status differences in health behaviors related to obesity: the Healthy Worker Project","volume":"15","author":"Jeffery","year":"1991","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref034","volume-title":"Health Survey for England: The Health of Young People '95\u201397","author":"Prescott-Clarke","year":"1998"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.300.6740.1615"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1994.02170070019003"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.293.6542.299"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03482-4"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112660"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.123.11.1443"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref026","first-page":"169","article-title":"Prospective study of the influence of social factors in childhood on risk of overweight in young adulthood","volume":"16","author":"Lissau-Lund-Sorensen","year":"1992","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)91163-0"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7070.1434"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref015","first-page":"105","article-title":"The juvenile-onset, adolescent-onset and adult-onset obese","volume":"15","author":"Garn","year":"1991","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/59.5.955"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref032","first-page":"445","article-title":"Social class and changes in weight-for-height between childhood and early adulthood","volume":"12","author":"Power","year":"1988","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref046","first-page":"562","article-title":"Social variation in attitudes to obesity in children","volume":"19","author":"Wardle","year":"1995","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"S002966510000029X_ref008","volume-title":"Present Day Practice in Infant Feeding. 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