{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T19:52:26Z","timestamp":1792093946934,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705622400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. Nutr. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The dual burden of malnutrition is characterised by the coexistence of undernutrition alongside overweight\/obesity and diet-related noncommunicable diseases. It is a paradox which disproportionately affects women and is applicable to those who become pregnant after weight loss surgery. Obesity before and during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in both mother and child. Overall lifestyle interventions targeting weight loss in the preconception period have not proven effective, with people, and women in particular, increasingly seeking weight loss surgery. In women with severe obesity, surgery may normalise hormonal abnormalities and improve fertility. In those who become pregnant after surgery, evidence suggests a better overall obstetric outcome compared to those with severe obesity managed conservatively; however, there is heightened risk of maternal nutritional deficiencies and infants born small for gestational age. Specifically, pregnancy soon after surgery, in the catabolic phase when rapid weight loss is occurring, has the potential for poor outcomes. Lifelong micronutrient supplementation is required, and there is considerable risk of malnutrition if nutritional aftercare guidelines are not adhered to. It is therefore recommended that pregnancy is delayed until a stable weight is achieved and is supported by individualised advice from a multidisciplinary team. Further research is required to better understand how weight loss surgery affects the chances of having a healthy pregnancy and to ultimately improve nutritional management and patient care. In this review, we aim to summarise the evidence and guidance around nutrition during pregnancy after weight loss surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0029665124000077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T09:23:49Z","timestamp":1705656229000},"page":"36-44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Tackling the dual burden of malnutrition in pregnancy \u2013 pregnancy after weight loss surgery"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Kate","family":"Maslin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn H","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Shawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0029665124000077_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1405789","article-title":"Outcomes of pregnancy after bariatric surgery","volume":"372","author":"Johansson","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"S0029665124000077_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-023-06522-5","article-title":"Descriptive analysis of international bariatric surgery tourism services","volume":"33","author":"Azlan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"S0029665124000077_ref63","volume-title":"Maternal and Child Nutrition NICE Public Health Guidance (PH11)","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0029665124000077_ref13","volume-title":"NHS Maternity Care for Women with a Body Mass Index of 30 kg\/m2 or Above Births between 1 April 2015 and 31 March 2017 in England, Wales and Scotland","author":"Relph","year":"2021"},{"key":"S0029665124000077_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2286","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.641","article-title":"Pregnancy and fertility following bariatric surgery: a systematic review","volume":"300","author":"Maggard","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"S0029665124000077_ref1","volume-title":"The Double Burden of Malnutrition. 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