{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T23:38:10Z","timestamp":1791157090330,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8953,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>When mice were infected with female cercariae of<jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>and male cercariae of<jats:italic>Schistosomatium douthitti<\/jats:italic>, many mixed pairs formed. The paired females were approximately the same size as those in unisexual infections, far smaller than females paired with<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>males. Although the<jats:italic>Sch. douthitti<\/jats:italic>males possessed well-developed testes, sperm were not found in their female partners, which developed scanty vitelline glands and produced laterally spined eggs typical of<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>. Such eggs yielded swimming miracidia infective to the snail host of<jats:italic>S. mansoni, Biomphalaria glabrata<\/jats:italic>, but not to the lymnaeid snail host of<jats:italic>Sch. douthitti<\/jats:italic>. Sporocysts arising from these miracidia were haploid and produced cercariae infective to mice. Parthenogenetically derived female cercariae in mice co-infected with either parthenogenetically derived male or normal diploid male<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>developed to large adults of normal appearance, whose eggs yielded diploid miracidia and subsequent generations of normal diploid schistosomes. Parthenogenetically derived females co-infected with<jats:italic>Sch. douthitti<\/jats:italic>males also paired and produced some eggs containing viable miracidia, which gave rise once again to haploid sporocysts. These observations confirm previous suggestions that the stimulus for maturation in female<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>is distinct from that for growth, and is independent of insemination and fertilization. It is concluded that both diploid and haploid<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>females are capable either of parthenogenesis or of bisexual reproduction when appropriately stimulated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000001372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T16:26:48Z","timestamp":1244219208000},"page":"369-376","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Intergeneric reproductive stimulation and parthenogenesis in<i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"P. 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