{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:57:18Z","timestamp":1790402238121,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":13579,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1972,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The ability of various mammals to transmit<jats:italic>Dracunculus medinensis<\/jats:italic>has been investigated. The most suitable definitive host for laboratory transmission was the rhesus monkey (<jats:italic>Macaca mulatta<\/jats:italic>) and, in 11 out of 14 of these animals female worms emerged 321 to 371 days after first infection. The parasite has now been maintained in monkeys for four laboratory cycles. Five of 11 dogs and 17 of 30 cats had developing parasites in their tissues when autopsied, but no worms emerged from two dogs left for over a year and only a single worm from one of nine cats. Monkeys showed a seemingly haphazard pattern of susceptibility to infection and reinfection, although none of the 17 animals exposed was completely refractory.<jats:italic>Cyclops vernalis americanus<\/jats:italic>(Marsh) was an easily maintained and efficient intermediate host; a 90% infection rate with an average of two infective larvae per<jats:italic>Cyclops<\/jats:italic>was obtained.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This work was supported by a grant from the Tropical Medicine Research Board through the Ministry of Overseas Development. Thanks are due to Mrs Vivian Duckett for technical assistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000044681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T17:06:49Z","timestamp":1244221609000},"page":"107-116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Maintenance of<i>Dracunculus medinensis<\/i>(L.) in the laboratory and observations on experimental infections"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Ralph","family":"Muller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/226662a0"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.2218.10"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1968.11686576"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00007161","article-title":"Studies on Dracunculus medinensis (Linnaeus). 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Effect of acidity on the infective larvae","volume":"45","author":"Muller","year":"1971","journal-title":"Journal of Helminthology"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.2245.73"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1956.11685755"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref027","first-page":"123","article-title":"Note sur la dur\u00e9e d l'incubation du Ver de Guin\u00e9e","volume":"9","author":"Wurtz","year":"1912","journal-title":"Revue de Medecine et d'Hygiene tropicales"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref018","first-page":"73","volume-title":"Advances in Parasitology","volume":"9","author":"Muller","year":"1971"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1933.02740110014005"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3223715"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1938.11685025"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1960.11685954"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref013","first-page":"37","article-title":"A note on the experimental infection of dogs with dracontiasis","volume":"71","author":"Moorthy","year":"1936","journal-title":"Indian medical Gazette"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref012","first-page":"498","article-title":"An epidemiological and experimental study of dracontiasis in Chitaldrug district","volume":"67","author":"Moorthy","year":"1932","journal-title":"Indian medical Gazette"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref002","first-page":"153","article-title":"Dracunculus medinensis in the Dutch East Indies","volume":"19","author":"Brug","year":"1930","journal-title":"Mededeelingen von den dienst der Volksgezondheid in Nederlandische-Indi\u00eb"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref004","first-page":"93","article-title":"Studies in the transmission of Dracunculus medinensis: a negative experiment","volume":"12","author":"Fairley","year":"1924","journal-title":"Indian Journal of medical Research"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref010","volume-title":"Lectures on Tropical Diseases","author":"Manson","year":"1905"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref014","first-page":"301","article-title":"Further notes on the experimental infection of dogs with dracontiasis","volume":"27","author":"Moorthy","year":"1938","journal-title":"American Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref011","first-page":"141","article-title":"Development of Dracunculus medinensis in cyclops of Java","volume":"27","author":"Marjitno","year":"1938","journal-title":"Mededeelingen von den dienst der Volksgezondheid in Nederlandische-Indi\u00eb"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00017934"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref007","first-page":"231","article-title":"Experimental dracunculiasis in the dog","volume":"3","author":"Issajev","year":"1934","journal-title":"Meditsinskaya Parazitologiya i parazitarnye Bolezni"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref006","first-page":"1326","article-title":"Dracunculus medinensis infection in two dogs in Peiping - experimental infection of cyclops","volume":"47","author":"Hs\u00fc","year":"1933","journal-title":"Chinese medical Journal"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref023","first-page":"521","article-title":"Epidemiological studies on guinea worm infections","volume":"40","author":"Reddy","year":"1969","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organisation"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref001","first-page":"798","volume-title":"Dracontiasis in animals. Proceedings of the 1st International Congress of Parasitology","volume":"2","author":"Anantaraman","year":"1966"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref020","first-page":"189","article-title":"The diurnal migration of cyclops infected with the larvae of Dracunculus medinensis (Linnaeus), with some observations on the development of the larval worms","volume":"3","author":"Onabamiro","year":"1954","journal-title":"West African Medical Journal"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref005","first-page":"288","article-title":"Cases of Dracunculus medinensis","volume":"58","author":"Gore","year":"1932","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps"},{"key":"S0031182000044681_ref008","first-page":"600","article-title":"Some results of the infection of monkeys with Guinea Worm","volume":"76","author":"Leiper","year":"1906","journal-title":"Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182000044681","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T07:27:43Z","timestamp":1589873263000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182000044681\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1972,2]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1972,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182000044681"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182000044681","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1972,2]]}}}