{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T23:03:58Z","timestamp":1762297438749},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":9867,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Investigations were conducted on the infection rates and transmission charecteristics of sterile male <jats:italic>Glossina morsitans morsitans<\/jats:italic> for <jats:italic>Trypanosoma vivax, T. congolense<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. brucei<\/jats:italic>. Pupae were irradiated after the first flush of female emergences with 7, 10 or 13 krad. in a <jats:sup>137<\/jats:sup>caesium radiation source under ambient conditions. The emergent males were fed on a <jats:italic>T. viuax<\/jats:italic>-infected goat at peak parasitaemia. They were subsequently mated at 8 days old with 3-day-old normal, virgin females. A batch of sexually fertile males which had been infected as tenerals on the goat at the same time were similarly mated to serve as controls. All the tsetse were maintained on rabbits' ears; the survival and reproductive performance were monitored for seven age-group periods of 9 days each. The sterility rates of the males were 73, 91 and 98% for the 7, 10 and 13 krad. doses of radiation; the percentage of <jats:italic>T. vivax<\/jats:italic> infection rates were 78\u00b73, 82\u00b73 and 74\u00b74, respectively. For the control males, the fecundity of the mated females was 90% and the infection rate was 75\u00b77%. In all other experiments, the 10 krad. dose was selected since both the survival and the sterility of the irradiated males were good. The <jats:italic>T. vivax<\/jats:italic>-challenged cows and goats died with symptoms of anaemia. There was no difference in the transmission characteristics between sterile and fertile vectors. There was also no significant difference between the sterile and normal males in the infection rates and the transmission frequency of <jats:italic>T. congolense<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>T. brucei<\/jats:italic> to cattle, goats and mice. These results indicate that release of sterile male tsetse in tsetse control programmes will potentially increase the trypanosomiasis risk in the affected area. Consideration must therefore be given to integrating adequate surveillance and chemotherapeutic measures for protection of man and his domestic livestock in the region during the period of such tsetse control campaigns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s003118200004484x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T16:40:24Z","timestamp":1244220024000},"page":"289-296","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cyclical transmission of pathogenic <i>Trypanosoma<\/i> species by gamma-irradiated sterile male <i>Glossina morsitans morsitans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"S. K.","family":"Moloo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2527782"},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref009","first-page":"125","article-title":"Effects of maintaining Glossina morsitans morsitans on different hosts upon the vector's subsequent infection rates with pathogenic trypanosomes","volume":"38","author":"Moloo","year":"1981","journal-title":"Acta tropica"},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref006","first-page":"1","article-title":"Potential role of the sterility principle for tsetse fly eradication","volume":"127","author":"Knipling","year":"1963","journal-title":"WHO\/Vector Control"},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/besa\/16.1.24"},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1968.11686572"},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref001","unstructured":"Cuisance D. , Politzar H. , Clair M. , Taze Y. , Bourdoiseau G. & Fevrier J. (1979). La lutte contre Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank par l\u00e2ehers de m\u00e2les irradi\u00e9s en Haute Volta: \u00e9tude de param\u00e8tres operationnets. International Symposium on the Use of Isotopes for Research and Control of Animal Diseases, Host\u2013Pathogen Relationships and the Environmental Impact of Control Procedures, 1979, Vienna, Austria."},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref010","unstructured":"Nash T. A. M. , Jordan A. M. & Trewern M. A. (1971). Mass rearing of tsetse flies (Glossina spp): recent advances. In Sterility Principle for Insect Control or Eradication, IAEA-SM-138\/46, pp. 99\u2013110."},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z69-150"},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(76)90027-8"},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref005","first-page":"12","article-title":"Sleeping sickness survey in the Serengeti area (Tanzania) 1971: examination of large mammals for trypanosomes","volume":"30","author":"Geigy","year":"1973","journal-title":"Acta tropica"},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref008","unstructured":"Moloo S. K. (1979). Tsetse vectors of trypanosomiasis. ILRAD Research Report 14\u201318."},{"key":"S003118200004484X_ref004","unstructured":"Dame D. A. , Williamson D. L. , Cobb P. E. , Gates D. B. , Warner P. V. , Mtuya A. G. & Baumgartner H. (1979). Integration of sterile insects and pesticides for the control of the tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans morsitans. International Symposium on the Use of Isotopes for Research and Control of Animal Diseases, Host\u2013Pathogen Relationships and the Environmental Impact of Control Procedures, 1979, Vienna, Austria."}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S003118200004484X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T21:31:25Z","timestamp":1558733485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S003118200004484X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1982,4]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S003118200004484X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s003118200004484x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1982,4]]}}}