{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T03:52:50Z","timestamp":1759117970985},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":9745,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>[<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C[ethidium bromide has been used to determine drug levels in tissues and body fluids of rabbits and calves following intramuscular injection. Uninfected and<jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei<\/jats:italic>- or<jats:italic>Trypanosoma congolense<\/jats:italic>-infected animals were studied. Blood and tissue fluid levels reached a maximum within 1 h and then fell rapidly; after 96 h 80\u201390% of the radioactivity injected had been excreted, approximately one third in urine and two thirds in faeces. By 1 h after injection of 1 mg [<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C]ethidium\/kg into a<jats:italic>T. congolense<\/jats:italic>-infected calf, 70\u201380% of the radioactivity in blood was found to be bound to trypanosomes. Doses of 1 or 10 mg\/kg were found not to be curative for<jats:italic>T. congolense<\/jats:italic>or<jats:italic>T. brucei<\/jats:italic>infections in rabbits; drug treatment resulted in a period of sub-patent parasitaemia which was always followed by a relapse. Examination of the prophylactic action of ethidium in rabbits showed that the drug extended the pre-patent period following trypanosome inoculation but provided no absolute protection. A period of \u2018apparent\u2019 prophylaxis observed after drug treatment of infected rabbits has been correlated with the presence of anti-trypanosome IgG in the serum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000054214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T16:38:30Z","timestamp":1244219910000},"page":"127-148","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Ethidium bromide: pharmacokinetics and efficacy against trypanosme infections in rabbits and calves"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"R. J.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. 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