{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T09:43:11Z","timestamp":1710409391093},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7797,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>The nematode<jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis<\/jats:italic>is able to modulate the antibody response, as measured by the plaque-forming cell (PFC) technique, to three thymus-dependent (TD) antigens: (1) a heterologous antigen unrelated to the parasite (sheep red blood cells (SRBC)); (2) an antigenic fraction, rich in phosphorylcholine (PC), obtained from<jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic>(FCpl) and (3) a heterologous antigen unrelated to the parasite, but sharing the PC epitope with the FCpl fraction (PC-KLH). During the life-cycle of the parasite in BCF1 mice, two opposing immunomodulating activities occur: (1) an immuno-potentiating activity in mice infected during the intestinal and larval migratory stages, for all three antigens, and (2) a carrier-specific immunosuppressive response in mice infected and immunized with the FCpl fraction during the muscle phase of the life-cycle. The anti-PC PFC response of these mice is dependent on the infection dose and decreases from day 35 post-infection (p.i.) until at least day 85 p.i.. The factor responsible for the stimulating effect observed during this stage is the presence of migratory larvae in the host. All the foregoing seems to indicate that<jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic>can use specific suppression mechanisms to aid in its own survival.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000058005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T16:12:44Z","timestamp":1244218364000},"page":"583-592","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Modulation of the anti-phosphorylcholine immune response during<i>Trichinella spiralis<\/i>infections in mice"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"F. M.","family":"Ubeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Leiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. T.","family":"Santamarina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. L.","family":"Sanmartin-Duran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.116.4.1105","article-title":"A phosphorylcholine idiotype related to TEPC-15 in mice infected with Ascaris suum","volume":"116","author":"Brown","year":"1976","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(84)90098-0"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref003","first-page":"167","article-title":"Depression of the cell-mediated immunity following inoculation of Trichinella spiralis extract in the mouse","volume":"34","author":"Barriga","year":"1978","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref023","first-page":"413","article-title":"Effects of the different life-cycle stages of Trichinella spiralis on the number of IgM plaque forming cells in mice immunized with sheep red blood cells","volume":"39","author":"Nagwa","year":"1983","journal-title":"Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1982.tb00376.x"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.158.3800.512"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00193895"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref016","first-page":"402","article-title":"Immunodepression in Trichinella spiralis infection","volume":"39","author":"Ljungstr\u00f6m","year":"1983","journal-title":"Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.115.3.644","article-title":"Antigenic competition between two sequentially acting antigens. Immunosuppressive effect of T cells in the spleen and lymph nodes of mouse","volume":"155","author":"Monier","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3275605"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref020","first-page":"757","article-title":"The anthelminthic effect of Maretin-Bayer against T. spiralis infections in rats and mice","volume":"15","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"1969","journal-title":"Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(77)90038-8"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-197001000-00020"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8749(75)80031-1"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(84)90051-1"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00755a014"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref009","first-page":"599","article-title":"Further improvements in the plaque technique for detecting single antibody forming cells","volume":"14","author":"Cunningham","year":"1968","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.48.2.428-432.1985","article-title":"Immunoresponses to Neisseria meningitidis epitopes: Primary versus secondary antiphosphorylcholine responses","volume":"48","author":"Faro","year":"1985","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(76)90158-1"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-03816-9_1"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.01.040183.003141"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.11.6.1306-1311.1975","article-title":"Immunologic sequelae of Trichinella spiralis infection in mice. Effect of the antibody responses to sheep red blood cells and Japanese B encephalitis virus","volume":"11","author":"Lubiniecki","year":"1975","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1982.tb00375.x"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830040914"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1984.tb00820.x"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(86)90144-5"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000055888"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000085565"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2319","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.135.4.2319","article-title":"Carrier-induced epitopic suppression, a major issue for future synthetic vaccines","volume":"135","author":"Schutze","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref017","first-page":"131","article-title":"Effect of experimental Trichinosis on unrelated humoral and cellular-mediated immunity","volume":"85","author":"Ljungstr\u00f6m","year":"1977","journal-title":"Acta Pathologica and Microbiologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref011","first-page":"485","article-title":"Depression of the plaque-forming cells to sheep red blood cells by the newborn larvae of Trichinella spiralis","volume":"30","author":"Faubert","year":"1976","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"S0031182000058005_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000054421"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182000058005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T09:16:34Z","timestamp":1710407794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182000058005\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,12]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182000058005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182000058005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,12]]}}}