{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:31:36Z","timestamp":1792114296052,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5178,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cases of human <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> infection occur sporadically in areas such as N. America and Western Europe, where this parasite is thought to be non-endemic. Clinical case histories suggest that many of these cases may be cross-infections from pigs. I describe patterns of variation in the ribosomal DNA of <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> from 9 such cases. For comparative purposes, I also describe patterns of variation in parasites obtained from pigs and humans from worldwide locations. A <jats:italic>Hae<\/jats:italic> III restriction site distinguishes two classes of rDNA repeats; repeats bearing this restriction site were found in &gt; 96% of parasites from pig populations worldwide and in all 9 worms from humans in N. America. In contrast, repeats bearing this restriction site were detected in &lt; 2% of parasites from humans in endemic areas. The molecular data clearly incriminate pigs as the source of infection in the N. American cases. I discuss evolutionary and public health implications of incomplete host fidelity in <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000063988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T09:50:45Z","timestamp":1244195445000},"page":"215-219","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":133,"title":["<i>Ascaris<\/i> infections in humans from North America: molecular evidence for cross-infection"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"T. J. C.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1971.11686733"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(85)90206-8"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(85)90269-X"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref013","first-page":"87","volume-title":"Nutrition, Disease Resistance and Immune Function","author":"Farthing","year":"1984"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(84)90094-4"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3276967"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref024","volume-title":"Evolution and the Genetics of Populations. 4. Variability Within and Among Natural Populations","author":"Wright","year":"1978"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref016","first-page":"504","article-title":"An apparent swine Ascaris infection of man","volume":"138","author":"Jakoski","year":"1961","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Association"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/12.3.1313"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref001","unstructured":"Anderson T. J. C. (1994). The population genetics, epidemiology and evolution of the parasitic nematode Ascaris. Ph.D. thesis, University of Rochester."},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/12.3.1333"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref005","volume-title":"Genetics of Resistance to Bacterial and Parasitic Infection","author":"Blackwell","year":"1988"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref007","first-page":"695","article-title":"Experimenteel onderzoek betreffende Ascaris lumbricoides van mensch en varken","volume":"62","author":"De boer","year":"1935","journal-title":"Tijdschrift voor Diergeneeskunde"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref009","first-page":"343","volume-title":"Genome Evolution","author":"Dover","year":"1982"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1986.0007"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref015","first-page":"321","volume-title":"Concepts in Nematode Systematics","author":"Gibson","year":"1983"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198205063061819","article-title":"Swine Ascaris in humans","volume":"306","author":"Lord","year":"1982","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref018","first-page":"41","article-title":"Ascaris lumbricoides Linn\u00e9, 1758 and Ascaris suum Goeze, 1782: morphological differences between specimens obtained from man and pig","volume":"4","author":"Maung","year":"1973","journal-title":"South-East Asia Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5569.865"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000079294"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref020","first-page":"436","article-title":"Ascaris infection in Washington","volume":"136","author":"Shoemaker-Nawas","year":"1982","journal-title":"Western Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref021","first-page":"49","article-title":"Experimental infection of man with Ascaris of man and the pig","volume":"23","author":"Takata","year":"1951","journal-title":"Kitasato Archives of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref022","first-page":"150","volume-title":"Applied Virology Research: Virus Variability, Epidemiology and Control","volume":"2","author":"Treanor","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0031182000063988_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(85)90270-6"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182000063988","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T15:39:05Z","timestamp":1557848345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182000063988\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182000063988"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182000063988","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]}}}