{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T12:55:59Z","timestamp":1761310559716},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8406,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>The induction of schistosomulicidal activity of peritoneal macrophages by concanavalin A-stimulated supernatants from long-term T-cell clones and by interferon-gamma (IFN-\u03b3) was investigated in detail. Optimal conditions of<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>macrophage activation by T-cell clone supernatants were established. Macrophages from 13-week<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>-infected mice responded to lymphokine activation as well as resident mnacrophages from uninfecteci mice. IFN-\u03b3 was shown to play an essential role in induction of schistosomulicidal macrophage activity: recombinant IFN-\u03b3 at high concentration could induce schistosomula killing, and an anti-IFN-\u03b3 antiserum inhibited the induction ofschistosomulicidal activity by T-cell clone supernatants. Our data also indicate that macrophage activation could be obtained by IFN-\u03b3 in synergy with other lymphokines in the supernatant of long-term T-cell clones. Macrophages from mice injected with T-cell clone supernatants were primed<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>and triggered to kill schistosomula in vitro in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The data demonstrate that lymphokines produced by T-cell clones and, in particular, IFN-\u03b3 can participate in the activation of schistosomulicidal macrophages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s003118200006409x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T16:20:47Z","timestamp":1244218847000},"page":"325-336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Killing of schistosomula of<i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>by macrophages: induction by T-cell clone-derived lymphokines and interferon-gamma"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"C. F.","family":"Kubelka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ruppel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. 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