{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T04:23:26Z","timestamp":1773807806352,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5362,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four-day-old worms of the tapeworms<jats:italic>Hymenolepis microstoma<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>H. diminuta<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>H. nana<\/jats:italic>and newly excysted<jats:italic>H. microstoma<\/jats:italic>were exposed in vitro at 37 \u00b0C to immune serum from mice infected for 4\u20131 2 weeks with<jats:italic>H. microstoma<\/jats:italic>. Worms were fixed for electron microscopy after intervals of 5 min to 96 h. Within 10\u201315 min an homogeneous precipitate occurred between the microtriches of 4-day-old<jats:italic>H. microstoma<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>H. nana<\/jats:italic>, while on some areas of<jats:italic>H. microstoma<\/jats:italic>the precipitate extended distal to the microthrix border and contained small vesicles (30 nm in diameter) and shed microtriches. In<jats:italic>H. diminuta<\/jats:italic>precipitates were not found until 2 h post-incubation. The thickness of the precipitate and the number of small vesicles and shed microtriches increased with time after incubation. Since a similar precipitate occurred on worms kept in complement-depleted immune serum, antibodies alone may induce immune damage. The precipitate on newly excysted<jats:italic>H. microstoma<\/jats:italic>lacked microthrix fragments. After 48 h an extensive precipitate was found protruding from the rostellar glands on some<jats:italic>H. microstoma<\/jats:italic>, and within the culture vessel. Antibodies may therefore be complexing with tapeworm secretory products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000076368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T13:55:23Z","timestamp":1244210123000},"page":"243-248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Microscopical observations on immune precipitates formed<i>in vitro<\/i>on the surface of hymenolepid tapeworms"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Hoole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Andreassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Birklund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182000076368_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00008683"},{"key":"S0031182000076368_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3275006"},{"key":"S0031182000076368_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(84)90049-3"},{"key":"S0031182000076368_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000056742"},{"key":"S0031182000076368_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/246521a0"},{"key":"S0031182000076368_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000059163"},{"key":"S0031182000076368_ref002","first-page":"26","article-title":"In vitro effects of immune serum on three species of Hymenolepis tapeworm","volume":"3","author":"Andreassen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Scandinavian Society for Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182000076368_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(77)90020-0"},{"key":"S0031182000076368_ref001","first-page":"45","article-title":"Immunity to adult cestodes: basic knowledge and vaccination problems. 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