{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T09:44:29Z","timestamp":1788601469135,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5209,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Seroprevalence of<jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>, the causal agent of Q fever in humans, was examined in wild brown rat populations from 4 Oxfordshire farmsteads (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 127), 9 Somerset homesteads (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 98), and 1 captive enclosure (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 88) in the UK. Seroprevalence ranged between 7 and 53%, the lowest being within the captive population and the highest on dairy farmsteads with sheep present. This is the first reported investigation of<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>in wild rats outside India. We suggest that the high Seroprevalence among rats (i) provides evidence that wild rats constitute an important reservoir for<jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>in the UK, and (ii) explains why cats, as frequent predators of rats, are so important in the epidemiology of this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000081014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T13:53:06Z","timestamp":1244209986000},"page":"31-35","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Q fever (<i>Coxiella burnetii<\/i>) reservoir in wild brown rat (<i>Rattus norvegicus<\/i>) populations in the UK"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"J. P.","family":"Webster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. W.","family":"Macdonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref005","first-page":"289","volume-title":"Behavioural Aspects of Feeding","author":"Berdoy","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref012","first-page":"23","volume-title":"Q-fever: The Disease","volume":"1","author":"Lang","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00140132"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.287.6397.927"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref007","unstructured":"Calhoun J. B. (1962). The ecology and sociology of the Norway rat. US Department of Health, Education and Welfare, P. H.S. No. 1008. Bethesda, Maryland."},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref003","first-page":"81","article-title":"Q-fever: a zoonosis","volume":"5","author":"Babudieri","year":"1959","journal-title":"Advances in Veterinary Science"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-15.1.11"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3279352"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref010","first-page":"839","article-title":"The persistence of Q-fever infection in a dairy herd","volume":"71","author":"Grist","year":"1959","journal-title":"Veterinary Record"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/148.3.477"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/161.2.368"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref015","first-page":"555","article-title":"Q-fever\u2013A review","volume":"3","author":"Marrie","year":"1990","journal-title":"Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref016","first-page":"49","volume-title":"Q- fever: The Disease","volume":"1","author":"Marrie","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref004","first-page":"493","article-title":"Dog-transmitted zoonoses: a serological survey in the province of Bologna","volume":"28","author":"Baldelli","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annali del Istituto Superiore di Sanita"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref013","volume-title":"Cat Behaviour: The Predatory and Social Behaviour of Domestic and Wild Cats","author":"Leyhausen","year":"1979"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref014","first-page":"5","article-title":"Social dynamics, nursing coalitions and infanticide among farm cats, Felis catus","volume":"28","author":"MacDonald","year":"1987","journal-title":"Advances in Ethology"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.75.7.763"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref018","volume-title":"Rats and Mice: their Biology and Control","author":"Meehan","year":"1984"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref019","first-page":"707","volume-title":"Manual of Clinical Immunology","author":"Osterman","year":"1980"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.25.6.1063-1067.1987","article-title":"Comparison of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Complement Fixation and Indirect Fluorescent-Antibody tests for detection of Coxiella burnetti antibody","volume":"25","author":"Peter","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3572"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref002","first-page":"3","article-title":"The Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre","volume":"35","author":"Ayres","year":"1989","journal-title":"Communicable Diseases Report"},{"key":"S0031182000081014_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.26.10.1978-1982.1988","article-title":"Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the diagnosis of chronic Q-fever","volume":"26","author":"Peter","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182000081014","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T06:41:45Z","timestamp":1589870505000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182000081014\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182000081014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182000081014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]}}}