{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:56:45Z","timestamp":1790402205463,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,10]],"date-time":"2003-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1042156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":435,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Of the four species of <jats:italic>Bulinus<\/jats:italic> found on Madagascar, three species: <jats:italic>B. obtusispira<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>B. liratus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. bavayi<\/jats:italic> are endemic while the fourth, <jats:italic>B. forskalii<\/jats:italic>, is probably a recent introduction from the African mainland. The evolutionary relationships of these species with <jats:italic>Bulinus<\/jats:italic> species from Africa were studied by phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence variation at two mitochondrial loci: cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and large ribosomal subunit (LSU) or 16S. The observed levels of nucleotide divergence within <jats:italic>Bulinus<\/jats:italic> were substantial but may underestimate the true levels as there was evidence of \u2018saturation' of transitional substitutions at both loci. A putative secondary structure model for the sequenced segment of the 16S was developed. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis using transversional changes only for both loci, showed that there were contrasting levels of divergence within the four species groups. <jats:italic>B. obtusispira<\/jats:italic> was consistently placed within the <jats:italic>B. africanus<\/jats:italic> group, appearing ancestral to this group and was closest to the basal node within <jats:italic>Bulinus<\/jats:italic>. Together with <jats:italic>B. bavayi<\/jats:italic>, the two species appear to have been isolated on Madagascar for a long time, contrasting with both <jats:italic>B. liratus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. forskalii<\/jats:italic> that appear more recent colonisers; however, estimate of exact times of divergence is problematic. A PCR-RFLP assay was developed to enable identification and discrimination of <jats:italic>B. obtusispira<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. liratus<\/jats:italic> using discriminatory variation within the COI. To enable population genetic analysis within <jats:italic>B. obtusispira<\/jats:italic>, microsatellite markers were developed using an enrichment method and 8 primer pairs are reported. Laboratory infection experiments using Madasgacan <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic> from the Mahabo area showed that certain populations of <jats:italic>B. obtusispira<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>B. liratus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. bavayi<\/jats:italic> were compatible.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s003118200100806x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,16]],"date-time":"2003-10-16T06:50:57Z","timestamp":1066287057000},"page":"261-275","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["<i>Bulinus<\/i> species on Madagascar: molecular evolution, genetic markers and compatibility with <i>Schistosoma haematobium<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"J. R.","family":"STOTHARD","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"BR\u00c9MOND","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"ANDRIAMARO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"SELLIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"SELLIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"ROLLINSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,10]]},"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S003118200100806X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T18:33:31Z","timestamp":1557254011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S003118200100806X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S003118200100806X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s003118200100806x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]}}}