{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T03:52:25Z","timestamp":1773805945827,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,10]],"date-time":"2003-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1042156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":435,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Irrigation for intensive sugar cultivation started in the early 1980s at Richard Toll, some 100 km from the mouth of the Senegal River. Infections with <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic> were first seen in late 1988. This study records quantitative snail surveys for over 3 years from 1992 at sites representing different habitats in and around the irrigation scheme. Populations of both <jats:italic>Biomphalaria pfeifferi<\/jats:italic> (the intermediate host of <jats:italic>S. mansoni) <\/jats:italic>and <jats:italic>Bulinus<\/jats:italic> spp. (mainly <jats:italic>B. truncatus,<\/jats:italic> the local host of <jats:italic>S. bovis<\/jats:italic>) peaked in late \u2018spring' or early \u2018summer', depending on the habitat, and then remained low until the following \u2018spring'. <jats:italic>B. pfeifferi<\/jats:italic> favoured smaller, man-made habitats with most transmission between May and August each year. The less abundant <jats:italic>Bulinus<\/jats:italic> spp. favoured larger natural and man-made habitats with most <jats:italic>S. bovis <\/jats:italic>transmission between April and July. <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> infections were more, but <jats:italic>S. bovis<\/jats:italic> infections were less abundant than other trematodes in their respective snail hosts. Ecological changes in the early 1980s due to sugar irrigation pre-dated similar, more widespread changes in the late 1980s when the completion of dams across the Senegal River prevented seasonal rain fed floods and sea water intrusion. <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> has since spread rapidly around Richard Toll. The incompatibility of the local <jats:italic>S. haematobium<\/jats:italic> strains with the dominant bulinid snails has so far prevented an epidemic of urinary schistosomiasis at Richard Toll, but the invasion of similar downstream habitats by susceptible <jats:italic>B. globosus<\/jats:italic> is worrying. The principal control measure, chemotherapy, given in the \u2018winter' would minimise the rate of reinfection. It could be reinforced by judicious mollusciciding within the sugar irrigation scheme but not elsewhere.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182001008125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,30]],"date-time":"2002-10-30T15:59:52Z","timestamp":1035993592000},"page":"77-89","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Seasonality in the transmission of schistosomiasis and in populations of its snail intermediate hosts in and around a sugar irrigation scheme at Richard Toll, Senegal"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"R. F.","family":"STURROCK","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.-T.","family":"DIAW","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"TALLA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"NIANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.-P.","family":"PIAU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"CAPRON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,10]]},"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182001008125","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T22:33:34Z","timestamp":1557268414000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182001008125\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182001008125"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182001008125","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]}}}