{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:35:38Z","timestamp":1761154538363},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,16]],"date-time":"2003-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1042675200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":168,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper reports the anti-cryptosporidial effects of, and concomitant amelioration of the histological changes in the gut of neonatal rats with intestinal cryptosporidiosis treated with the dinitroaniline, oryzalin. The ED<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> was determined to be 7\u00a0mg\/kg using twice daily doses administered for 3 consecutive days. A maximum inhibition of 85.5% was achieved at 25\u00a0mg\/kg and this inhibition remained constant despite increasing the oryzalin dose to 200\u00a0mg\/kg. Cryptosporidiosis significantly decreased the intestinal villus\/crypt (VC) ratio by approximately 50% (duodenum = 2.3, jejunum = 2.5 and ileum = 1.7) when compared to uninfected untreated controls (duodenum = 4.3, jejunum = 5.9 and ileum = 4.5). Treatment with oryzalin doubled the VC ratio in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum following doses of 5\u00a0mg, 50\u00a0mg and 200\u00a0mg\/kg respectively. Oryzalin concentrations in the small intestine contents and plasma were determined, using HPLC, at 0.5, 1 and 2\u00a0h after dosing. The much greater dose required to return VC ratios to normal in the ileum (200\u00a0mg\/kg) compared to the duodenum (6.25\u00a0mg\/kg) appeared to reflect the decreased concentration of the drug in the distal small intestine. Concentrations of oryzalin equivalent to the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> were maintained for 2\u00a0h in the first half of the small intestine following a single dose of 100\u00a0mg\/kg.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s003118200200197x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,16]],"date-time":"2003-10-16T10:50:57Z","timestamp":1066301457000},"page":"113-117","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficacy of oryzalin and associated histological changes in <i>Cryptosporidium<\/i>-infected neonatal rats"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"ARMSON","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"MENON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"O'HARA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.\u00a0M.","family":"MACDONALD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.\u00a0M.","family":"READ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"SARGENT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.\u00a0C.\u00a0A.","family":"THOMPSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.\u00a0A.","family":"REYNOLDSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,16]]},"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S003118200200197X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,5]],"date-time":"2019-04-05T20:48:35Z","timestamp":1554497315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S003118200200197X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S003118200200197X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s003118200200197x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}}}