{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T19:05:45Z","timestamp":1694631945847},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,6]],"date-time":"2004-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1083801600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sexual transmission occurs commonly in microparasites such as viruses and bacteria, but this is an unusual transmission route for macroparasites. Here we present evidence which suggests that a nematode parasite of Wood Mice (<jats:italic>Apodemus sylvaticus<\/jats:italic>) may be sexually transmitted and we have classified the nematode using molecular data. Wood Mice were collected annually in the course of work on their reproductive physiology. Larval nematodes were found in the epididymides of 19\u00b76% of males. It seems likely that they would be transmitted to females at ejaculation. To identify these larval nematodes, which we were unable to do using morphological features, we sequenced the 18S rDNA. Sequence comparisons with the molecular phylogeny of Blaxter<jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic>. (1998) demonstrated that they were bursate nematodes (Order Strongylida). The relationships between strongylid taxa were poorly resolved by 18S rDNA. However, both distance and parsimony analyses grouped the nematode with the superfamily Metastrongylidea in a clade containing<jats:italic>Filaroides<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Angiostrongylus<\/jats:italic>sp. Importantly, the sequences were distinct from those of<jats:italic>Heligmosomoides polygyrus<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Angiostrongylus dujardini<\/jats:italic>, two common strongylid nematodes of<jats:italic>Apodemus<\/jats:italic>. We were therefore unable positively to identify these worms by matching their sequences with those from morphologically identifiable adult strongylid nematodes infecting<jats:italic>Apodemus<\/jats:italic>. These results demonstrate that an as yet unidentified strongylid is quite commonly found in large numbers in the male reproductive tract of Wood Mice. Further work is required to understand the biology and transmission dynamics of this interesting system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182004004962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,6]],"date-time":"2004-05-06T12:53:51Z","timestamp":1083848031000},"page":"561-568","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Sexual transmission of a nematode parasite of Wood Mice (<i>Apodemus sylvaticus<\/i>)?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"J. R.","family":"CLARKE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. J. C.","family":"ANDERSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"BANDI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref026","unstructured":"MORAND, S. & PETTER,A. J. (1986). Nemhelix bakeri n.gen., n.sp. (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae) parasite de l'appareil g\u00e9nital de Helix aspersa (Gastropoda: Helicidae) en France.Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, 2008\u20132011."},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003003366"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1930.tb00968.x"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1968.tb01665.x"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2907.1987.tb00052.x"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref001","unstructured":"ASKAWA, M. & TENORA, F. (1996).A checklist of epidemiology of nematode parasites of the genus Apodemus (Murinae: Rodentia) throughout the world excluding Japan.Journal of Rakuno Gakuen University 20, 181\u2013213."},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/5178"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/5415"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ELTON,C. , FORD,E. B. , BAKER,J. R. & GARDNER,A. D. (1931).The health and parasites of a wild mice population.Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1931, 657\u2013721.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1931.tb01037.x"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1932457"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z88-260"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.59.5.342"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/5628"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.59.4.269"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/32160"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BROWN,E. D. , MACDONALD,D. W. , TEW,T. E. & TODD,I. A. (1994 a). Apodemus sylvaticus infected with Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Nematoda) in an arable ecosystem: epidemiology and effects of infection on the movement of male mice.Journal of Zoology, London 234, 623\u2013640.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1994.tb04869.x"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BROWN,E. D. , MACDONALD,D. W. , TEW,T. E. & TODD,I. A. (1994 b).Rhythmicity of egg production by Heligmosomoides polygyrus in Wood Mice, Apodemus sylvaticus. Journal of Helminthology 68, 105\u2013108.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00013602"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-76R"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref009","unstructured":"DOUGLAS,J. R. & BAKER,J. M. (1959).The chronology of intrauterine infection with Toxocara canis (Werner 1782) in the dog.Journal of Parasitology 45, 43\u201344."},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref010","unstructured":"DROZDZ,J. & DOBY,J. M. (1970). Angiostrongylus dujardini sp.n. (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) parasite de Apodemus sylvaticus et Clethrionomys glareolus . Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Zoologique de France 95, 659."},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref012","unstructured":"FLOWERDEW,J. R. , GURNELL,J. & GIPPS, J. H. W. (1985). The Ecology of Woodland Rodents: Bank Voles and Wood Mice. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, Number 25 . Clarendon Press, Oxford."},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/2011051a0"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/18.2.378"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1992.tb06130.x"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod30.4.991"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1056545"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00009990"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/5622"},{"key":"S0031182004004962_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.1996.tb01281.x"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182004004962","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T15:41:34Z","timestamp":1682696494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182004004962\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182004004962"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182004004962","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]}}}