{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T16:09:13Z","timestamp":1790525353205,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,10]],"date-time":"2004-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1086825600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/jats:italic>is a protozoan parasite that causes widespread diarrhoeal disease in humans and other animals and is responsible for large waterborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis. Unlike many organisms belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa, such as<jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>spp. and<jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>, there is no clinically proven drug treatment against this parasite. Aspects of the basic biology of<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>remain poorly understood, including a detailed knowledge of key metabolic pathways, its genome organization and organellar complement. Previous studies have proposed that<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>lacks a relic plastid organelle, or \u2018apicoplast\u2019, but that it may possess a mitochondrion. Here we characterize a mitochondrion-like organelle in<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>by (i) ultrastructural and morphological description (ii) localization of heterologous mitochondrial chaperonin antibody probes (iii) phylogenetic analysis of genes encoding mitochondrial transport proteins (iv) identification and analysis of mitochondrion-associated gene sequences. Our descriptive morphological analysis was performed by energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) of<jats:italic>C. hominis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>. The \u2018mitochondrion-like\u2019 organelle was characterized by labelling the structure with a heterologous mitochondrial chaperonin probe (hsp60) both in immunoelectron microscopy (IMEM) and immunofluorescence (IMF). Phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial import system and housekeeping components (hsp60 and hsp70-dnaK) suggested that the<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>mitochondrion-like organelle is likely to have descended from a common ancestral apicomplexan mitochondrion. We also identified a partial cDNA sequence coding for an alternative oxidase (AOX) gene, a component of the electron transport chain which can act as an alternative to the terminal mitochondrial respiratory complexes III and IV, which has not yet been reported in any other member of this phylum. Degenerate primers developed to identify selected mitochondrial genes failed to identify either cytochrome oxidase subunit I, or cytochrome b. Taken together, our data aim to provide new insights into the characterization of this<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>organelle and a logical framework for future functional investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s003118200400527x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,18]],"date-time":"2004-06-18T11:07:02Z","timestamp":1087556822000},"page":"1-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Characterization of a mitochondrion-like organelle in<i>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"PUTIGNANI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"TAIT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. 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A. , HIJJAWI, N. , SULAIAM, I. , FAYER, R. , THOMPSON, R. C. , OLSON, M. , LAL, A. & XIAO, L. (2002). Cryptosporidium hominis n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) from Homo sapiens .Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 49, 433\u2013440."},{"key":"S003118200400527X_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1997.4194"},{"key":"S003118200400527X_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)01882-2"},{"key":"S003118200400527X_ref033","unstructured":"NICHOLS, R. A. , CAMPBELL, B. M. & SMITH, H. V. (2003).Identification of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in United Kingdom noncarbonated natural mineral waters and drinking waters by using a modified nested PCR-restriction frgment length polymorphism assay.Applied Environmental Microbiology 69, 4183\u20134189."},{"key":"S003118200400527X_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00536023"},{"key":"S003118200400527X_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RANUCCI, L. , MULLER, H. 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