{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T01:53:40Z","timestamp":1768442020138,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,21]],"date-time":"2005-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114041600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to reveal the mechanisms underlying nurse cell formation during<jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis<\/jats:italic>infection, the expression of the factors of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1)\/TNF receptor 1 (TNFR-1) signalling pathway mediating apoptosis was investigated. The analysed factors included TNF-\u03b1, TNFR-1, TNF receptor-associated death-domain (TRADD), caspase 3, caspase 8, TNF receptor associated factor-2 (TRAF2) and receptor interactive protein (RIP), all of which are involved in the TNF-\u03b1\/TNFR-1 signalling pathway-mediated apoptosis. The quantitative RT-PCR indicated that the infected muscle tissues up-regulate the expression of pro-apoptosis genes (TNF-\u03b1, TNFR-1 and TRADD, caspase 3 and caspase 8), and anti-apoptosis genes (TRAF2 and RIP) at the beginning of cyst formation. The expression returned to the normal level after cyst formation. The quantitative RT-PCR analysis of mRNA from tissue samples isolated by laser capture micro-dissection confirmed that the up-regulation of these genes was restricted in infected muscle cells, was not in the inflammation cells around infected muscle cells nor in normal muscle cells. The<jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>localization study of pro-apoptosis (TRADD, caspase 3) and anti-apoptosis gene products (TRAF2) indicated that these were expressed in the basophilic cytoplasm (infected muscle cell origin) of the nurse cells. Thus the present study suggests that the TNF-\u03b1\/TNFR-1 signalling pathway is involved in nurse cell formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182005007663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,16]],"date-time":"2005-08-16T10:38:50Z","timestamp":1124188730000},"page":"373-381","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Tumor necrosis factor receptor-mediated apoptosis in<i>Trichinella spiralis<\/i>-infected muscle cells"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Z.","family":"WU","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"NAGANO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"BOONMARS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"TAKAHASHI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boonmars, T. , Wu, Z. , Nagano, I. , Nakada, T. and Takahashi, Y. (2004 a).Differences and similarities of nurse cells in cysts of T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis .Journal Helminthology 78,7\u201316.","DOI":"10.1079\/JOH2003203"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3283099"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540104900807"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.1110"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401189"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199603000-00009"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182099006198"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.22.1.15"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vilcek, J. and Lee, T. H. 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(1975).Adaptive changes in muscle fibers infected with Trichinella spiralis .American Journal of Pathology 78,477\u2013496."},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90070-5"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.121.4.785"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81375-6"},{"key":"S0031182005007663_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boonmars, T. , Wu, Z. , Nagano, I. and Takahashi, Y. 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