{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T19:31:24Z","timestamp":1760297484217},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,8]],"date-time":"2005-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1118188800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Many different drug-resistant lines of rodent malaria are available as screening models. It is obligatory to screen new compounds for antimalarial activity against a series of resistant lines in order to identify a compound with potential for the treatment of multi-drug resistant (MDR) malaria infections. Instead of using a battery of resistant lines, a single MDR<jats:italic>Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis<\/jats:italic>strain that shows a wide spectrum of drug resistance to high doses of chloroquine, mepacrine, amodiaquine, mefloquine, quinine, quinidine, halofantrine as well as tetracyclines, fluoroquinolines and erythromycin, was used to assess the blood schizontocidal efficacy of a new macrolide azithromycin and other antibiotics. The present study shows that only azithromycin has the potential to control an MDR<jats:italic>P. y. nigeriensis<\/jats:italic>infection in Swiss mice, provided the treatment with a dose of 50\u2013100 mg\/kg\/day by oral route is continued for a period of 7 days. Tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycyline, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, although active<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, failed to protect the mice. Tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin combinations with chloroquine did not control the infection. Additionally, the antimalarial efficacy of azithromycin can be potentiated with the addition of arteether, which is an ethyl ether derivative of artemisinin. A total (100%) curative effect has been obtained with a shorter regimen of 4 days only.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s003118200500778x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,8]],"date-time":"2005-06-08T13:41:38Z","timestamp":1118238098000},"page":"295-301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Blood schizontocidal activity of azithromycin and its combination with \u03b1\/\u03b2 arteether against multi-drug resistant<i>Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis<\/i>, a novel MDR parasite model for antimalarial screening"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"TRIPATHI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"DHAWAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. P.","family":"DUTTA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peters, W. , Jefford, C. W. , Robinson, B. L. and Rossier, J. C. (1993 a).The chemotherapy of rodent malaria. XLIX. The activities of some synthetic 1,2,4-trioxanes against chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine resistant parasites. Part 2: Structure activity studies on cis-fused cyclopenteno-1,2,4-trioxanes (fenozans) against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant lines of P. berghei and P. yoelii sp. in vivo .Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 87,9\u201316.","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1993.11812734"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref011","unstructured":"Krudsood, S. , Buchachart, K. , Chalermrut, K. , Charusabha, C. , Treeprasertsuk, S. , Haoharn, O. , Duangdee, C. and Looareesuwam, S. (2002).A comparative clinical trial of combinations of dihydroartemisinin plus mefloquine for treatment of multidrug resistant falciparum malaria.Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 33,525\u2013531."},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gingras, B. A. and Jensen, J. B. (1993).Activity of azithromycin (CP-62993) and erythromycin against chloroquine sensitive and chloroquine resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro .American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 47,378\u2013383.","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1992.47.378"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515071"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1999.4465"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.52.159"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref005","unstructured":"Dutta, G. P. and Pande, A. (1986).Development of chloroquine resistance in experimental P. yoelii nigeriensis malaria in mice. Second National Conference of Parasitology, CDRI, Lucknow , p.9 (abstract)."},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref032","unstructured":"Tripathi, K. D. , Sharma, A. K. , Valecha, N. and Biswas, S. (1993). In vitro activity of fluoroquinolones against chloroquine resistant and chloroquine sensitive P. falciparum .Indian Journal of Malariology 30,67."},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1043-6618(89)90159-X"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(03)00194-3"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref027","unstructured":"Singh, N. and Puri, S. K. (1996).Blood schizontocidal profile of fluoroquinolone antibiotics against chloroquine resistant murine malaria.Journal of Parasitic Diseases 20,45\u201348."},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1975.11687030"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199704000-00030"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0348-7111-2_5"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref006","unstructured":"Dutta, G. P. and Singh, P. P. (1979).Blood schizontocidal activity of some antibiotics against Plasmodium knowlesi infection in Assamese monkey.Indian Journal Medical Research 70 (Suppl.),91\u201394."},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/516281"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref003","unstructured":"De Vries, P. I. , Le, N. H. , Le, T. D. , Ho, P. L. , Nguyen, V. N. , Trinh, K. A. and Kager, P. A. (1999).Short course of azithromycin\/artesunate against falciparum malaria: no full protection against recrudescence.Tropical Medicine and International Health 4,407\u2013408."},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1983.32.221"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(94)00119-9"},{"key":"S003118200500778X_ref012","unstructured":"Krudsood, S. , Silachamron, U. , Wilairatana, P. Singhasivanon, P. , Phumratanaprapin, W. , Chalermrut, K. , Phophak, N. and Popa, C. 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