{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T20:22:21Z","timestamp":1771014141635,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,12]],"date-time":"2005-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1126483200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The virulence of <jats:italic>Entamoeba histolytica<\/jats:italic> is governed by adhesion\/colonization in the gut which is mediated by a galactose specific lectin. Two morphologically identical but distinct species i.e. pathogenic <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic> and non-pathogenic <jats:italic>E. dispar<\/jats:italic>, can be differentiated by distinct epitopes in the lectin. Both species bind to colonic epithelial cells, but only <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic> infection induces an inflammatory response and subsequent pathogenesis. Thus, comparing the responses of the intestinal cells to pathogenic and non-pathogenic lectins is a point of interest. The pathogenic lectin causes cytolysis of epithelial and immune-competent cells. Our data (both qualitative and mRNA quantitation) indicate that the epithelial cells responded to <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic> lectin with an increased expression of pro-inflammatory IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, MIP-1\u03b1, MCP-1, RANTES, GRO\u03b1 and GMCSF as compared to <jats:italic>E. dispar<\/jats:italic> lectin. The pathogenic LCM induced a significant increase in intracellular calcium concentration, proliferative response and chemotaxis of lymphocytes from ALA patients as compared to non-pathogenic LCM. High RANTES and IL-6 were induced in patients' lymphocytes by pathogenic LCM, along with their receptors CCR5 and CD126 as compared to NP-LCM. The local release of such a complex network of cytokines\/chemokines could explain the histopathology of <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic> infection. The comparative low levels of these chemokines\/pro-inflammatory cytokines and high levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in response to non-pathogenic <jats:italic>E. dispar<\/jats:italic> could explain the absence of an acute inflammatory response and the disease process. The cytokines and chemokines may provide a mechanism for initiation, amplification or containment of inflammation during disease state.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182005008541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,12]],"date-time":"2005-09-12T14:17:49Z","timestamp":1126534669000},"page":"783-796","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Enhanced pro-inflammatory chemokine\/cytokine response triggered by pathogenic <i>Entamoeba histolytica<\/i>: basis of invasive disease"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"SHARMA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"VOHRA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"BHASIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182005008541_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2004.06.010"},{"key":"S0031182005008541_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/162.4.949"},{"key":"S0031182005008541_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ravdin, J. I. , Moreau, R. , Sullivan, J. A. , Petri W. A. Jr. and Mandell, G. L. (1988).Relationship of free intracellular calcium to the cytolytic activity of Entamoeba histolytica .Infection and Immunity 56,1505\u20131512.","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.56.6.1505-1512.1988"},{"key":"S0031182005008541_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1996.tb52959.x"},{"key":"S0031182005008541_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/8.2.228"},{"key":"S0031182005008541_ref006","unstructured":"Chadee, K. and Meerovitch, E. (1984).The pathogenesis of experimentally induced amebic liver abscess in the gerbil (Meriones Unguiculatus).American Journal of Pathology 117,71\u201379."},{"key":"S0031182005008541_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasmussen, S. , Eckmann, L. , Quayle, A. , Shen, L. , Zhang, Y. , Aderson, D. , Fierer, J. , Stephens, R. and Kagnoff, M. 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