{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T01:49:19Z","timestamp":1762998559762,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,9]],"date-time":"2006-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1149811200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Severe adverse events (SAEs) following ivermectin treatment may occur in people harbouring high <jats:italic>Loa loa<\/jats:italic> microfilarial (mf) densities. In the context of mass ivermectin distribution for onchocerciasis control in Africa, it is crucial to define precisely the geographical distribution of <jats:italic>L. loa<\/jats:italic> in relation to that of <jats:italic>Onchocerca volvulus<\/jats:italic> and predict the prevalence of heavy infections. To this end, we analysed the distribution of mf loads in 4183 individuals living in 36 villages of central Cameroon. Mf loads were assessed quantitatively by calibrated blood smears, collected prior to ivermectin distribution. We explored the pattern of <jats:italic>L. loa<\/jats:italic> mf aggregation by fitting the (zero-truncated) negative binomial distribution and estimating its overdispersion parameter <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic> by maximum likelihood. The value of <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic> varied around 0\u00b73 independently of mf intensity, host age, village and endemicity level. Based on these results, we developed a semi-empirical model to predict the prevalence of heavy <jats:italic>L. loa<\/jats:italic> mf loads in a community given its overall mf prevalence. If validated at the continental scale and linked to predictive spatial models of loiasis distribution, this approach would be particularly useful for optimizing the identification of areas at risk of SAEs and providing estimates of populations at risk in localities where <jats:italic>L. loa<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>O. volvulus<\/jats:italic> are co-endemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182006000035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,9]],"date-time":"2006-06-09T20:27:58Z","timestamp":1149884878000},"page":"101-109","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Microfilarial distribution of <i>Loa loa<\/i> in the human host: population dynamics and epidemiological implications"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"S. D. 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(1997 a).Serious reactions after mass treatment of onchocerciasis with ivermectin in an area endemic for Loa loa infection.Lancet 350,18\u201322.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)11094-1"},{"key":"S0031182006000035_ref011","unstructured":"Boulesteix, G. and Carme, B. (1986).Enc\u00e9phalite au cours du traitement de la filariose \u00e0 Loa loa par la di\u00e9thylcarbamazine.Bulletin de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Pathologie Exotique 79,649\u2013654."},{"key":"S0031182006000035_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-706X(95)00123-V"},{"key":"S0031182006000035_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1999.00442.x"},{"key":"S0031182006000035_ref022","unstructured":"Fain, A. 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