{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T02:53:00Z","timestamp":1771469580657,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,22]],"date-time":"2009-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1261440000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the major tea catechin and accounts for 50\u201380% of the total catechin in green tea. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, and anti-trypanocidal activities. This report describes the inhibitory effect of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate on the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> growth of bovine <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> parasites and the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> growth of the mouse-adapted rodent babesia <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic>. The <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> growth of the <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> species was significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0\u00b705) inhibited in the presence of micromolar concentrations of EGCG (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values=18 and 25 \u03bcM for <jats:italic>B. bovis<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>B. bigemina<\/jats:italic>, respectively). The parasites showed no re-growth at 25 \u03bcM for <jats:italic>B. bovis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. bigemina<\/jats:italic> in the subsequent viability test. The drug significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0\u00b705) inhibited the growth of <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> at doses of 5 and 10 mg\/kg body weight, and the parasites completely cleared on day 14 and 16 post-inoculation in the 5 and 10 mg\/kg treated groups, respectively. These findings highlight the potentiality of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate as a chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of babesiosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182009991594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,22]],"date-time":"2009-12-22T10:32:38Z","timestamp":1261477958000},"page":"785-791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Inhibitory effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate from green tea on the growth of <i>Babesia<\/i> parasites"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"ABOULAILA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"YOKOYAMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"IGARASHI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(90)90014-E"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.52.3.465"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3284461"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.7.1788","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo activities of tea catechins against Helicobacter pylori","volume":"43","author":"Mabe","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.08.016"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-3542(01)00189-9"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.07.023"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(87)90724-6"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-3542(93)90008-7"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3282755"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.1.411-417.2003"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004006821"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00137-5"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006000436"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006009917"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2004.03.009"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.1.236-241.2004"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(95)00850-0"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003003895"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.4.818","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of drug susceptibilities of Babesia divergens isolates","volume":"42","author":"Brasseur","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000069997"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-7435(92)90041-F"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref004","first-page":"233","article-title":"Recent advances in the chemotherapy of babesiosis by Asian scientist: Toxoplasmosis and Babesiosis in Asia","volume":"4","author":"Bork","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asian Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3285750"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2007.04.009"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.3.451-469.2000"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.4.1042"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref020","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Babesiosis of Domestic Animals and Man","author":"Kuttler","year":"1988"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001153"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.1.91","article-title":"Evaluation of selected antiprotozoal drugs in the Babesia microti hamster model","volume":"41","author":"Marley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.1.69-74.2004"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2004.03.002"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-05-022814"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.01.048"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03137.x"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/168.5.1289"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1996.55.219"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.10.2409"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2003)089[0604:CKACAP]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref026","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors block erythrocyte invasion and intraerythrocytic development of Babesia bovis in vitro","volume":"135","author":"Nakamura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.68.334","article-title":"Growth inhibitory effect of triclosan on equine and bovine Babesia parasites","volume":"68","author":"Bork","year":"2003","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.7.2914-2920.2005"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/12050946"},{"key":"S0031182009991594_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200204120-00020"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182009991594","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,28]],"date-time":"2019-04-28T20:11:57Z","timestamp":1556482317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182009991594\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,22]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182009991594"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182009991594","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,22]]}}}