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The prevalence and success of the nematodes is a direct consequence of the exceptionally protective properties of their cuticle. The synthesis of this cuticle is a complex multi-step process, which is repeated 4 times from hatchling to adult and has been investigated in detail in the free-living nematode, <jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/jats:italic>. This process is known as moulting and involves numerous enzymes in the synthesis and degradation of the collagenous matrix. The <jats:italic>nas-36<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>nas-37<\/jats:italic> genes in <jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic> encode functionally conserved enzymes of the astacin metalloprotease family which, when mutated, result in a phenotype associated with the late-stage moulting defects, namely the inability to remove the preceding cuticle. Extensive genome searches in the gastrointestinal nematode of sheep, <jats:italic>Haemonchus contortus<\/jats:italic>, and in the filarial nematode of humans, <jats:italic>Brugia malayi<\/jats:italic>, identified NAS-36 but not NAS-37 homologues\u2020. Significantly, the <jats:italic>nas-36<\/jats:italic> gene from <jats:italic>B. malayi<\/jats:italic> could successfully complement the moult defects associated with <jats:italic>C. elegans nas-36, nas-37<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>nas-36<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>nas-37<\/jats:italic> double mutants, suggesting a conserved function for NAS-36 between these diverse nematode species. This conservation between species was further indicated when the recombinant enzymes demonstrated a similar range of inhibitable metalloprotease activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182010001113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,27]],"date-time":"2010-08-27T09:01:41Z","timestamp":1282899701000},"page":"237-248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["The astacin metalloprotease moulting enzyme NAS-36 is required for normal cuticle ecdysis in free-living and parasitic nematodes"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"GILLIAN","family":"STEPEK","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"GILLIAN","family":"McCORMACK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ANDREW J.","family":"BIRNIE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ANTONY 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