{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:50:50Z","timestamp":1790268650728,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,24]],"date-time":"2011-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298505600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Here we examine 3157 foxes from 6 districts of the Slovak Republic in order to determine for the first time the distribution, prevalence and identity of<jats:italic>Mesocestodes<\/jats:italic>spp. endemic to this part of central Europe. During the period 2001\u20132006, an average of 41\u00b79% of foxes were found to harbour<jats:italic>Mesocestoides<\/jats:italic>infections. Among the samples we confirmed the widespread and common occurrence of<jats:italic>M. litteratus<\/jats:italic>(Batsch, 1786), and report the presence, for the first time, of<jats:italic>M. lineatus<\/jats:italic>(Goeze, 1782) in the Slovak Republic, where it has a more restricted geographical range and low prevalence (7%). Using a combination of 12S rDNA, CO1 and ND1 mitochondrial gene sequences together with analysis of 13 morphometric characters, we show that the two species are genetically distinct and can be differentiated by discrete breaks in the ranges of the male and female reproductive characters, but not by the more commonly examined characters of the scolex and strobila. Estimates of interspecific divergence within<jats:italic>Mesocestoides<\/jats:italic>ranged from 9 to 18%, whereas intraspecific variation was less than 2%, and phylogenetic analyses of the data showed that despite overlapping geographical ranges, the two commonly reported European species are not closely related, with<jats:italic>M. litteratus<\/jats:italic>more closely allied to North American isolates of<jats:italic>Mesocestoides<\/jats:italic>than to<jats:italic>M. lineatus<\/jats:italic>. We confirm that morphological analysis of reproductive organs can be used to reliably discriminate between these often sympatric species obtained from red foxes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182011000047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,24]],"date-time":"2011-02-24T15:09:55Z","timestamp":1298560195000},"page":"638-647","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Molecular and morphological circumscription of<i>Mesocestoides<\/i>tapeworms from red foxes (<i>Vulpes vulpes<\/i>) in central Europe"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"GABRIELA","family":"HR\u010cKOVA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MARTINA","family":"MITERP\u00c1KOV\u00c1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ANNE","family":"O'CONNOR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"VILIAM","family":"\u0160N\u00c1BEL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PETER D.","family":"OLSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2007.06.006"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00015509"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref58","volume-title":"Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: a Public Health Problem of Global Concern","author":"Eckert","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2007.03.019"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref55","first-page":"125","article-title":"North American cestodes of the genus Mesocestoides","volume":"59","author":"Voge","year":"1955","journal-title":"University of California Publication in Zo\u00f6logy"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2004.tb00257.x"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.24.4876"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref51","volume-title":"PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods), ver. 4.1b","author":"Swofford","year":"2003"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3276097"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref46","first-page":"309","volume-title":"Keys to the Cestode Parasites of Vertebrates","author":"Rausch","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref50","first-page":"294","article-title":"Recent results of research and development achieved at the Joint Rabiologic Laboratory of the Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine and the University of Veterinary Medicine in Ko\u0161ice","volume":"25","author":"\u0160vr\u010dek","year":"2000","journal-title":"Slovak Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref45","first-page":"89","article-title":"On the problem of European Mesocestoides species (Cestoda) from mammals","volume":"20","author":"Priemer","year":"1983","journal-title":"Helminthologia"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btg180"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2008.03.024"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-3461.1"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-100R1"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2009.07.002"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00006501"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref16","first-page":"45","article-title":"Morphology, taxonomy and distribution of the species of genus Mesocestoides Vaillant, 1863 in Bulgaria","volume":"21","author":"Jan\u010dev","year":"1986","journal-title":"Helminthology (Sofia)"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref37","first-page":"125","article-title":"Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) as reservoir of parasites and source of zoonosis","volume":"51","author":"Okulewicz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Wiadomosti Parazytologickije"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref53","first-page":"273","article-title":"Helminth findings in indigenous racoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides (Gray, 1843)","volume":"114","author":"Thiess","year":"2001","journal-title":"Berliner und M\u00fcnchener tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift"},{"key":"S0031182011000047_ref36a","volume-title":"MrModelTest v2. 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