{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T22:45:38Z","timestamp":1769813138722,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,6]],"date-time":"2012-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1352160000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parasites in the genus<jats:italic>Onchocerca<\/jats:italic>infect humans, ruminants, camels, horses, suids, and canids, with effects ranging from relatively benign to debilitating. In North America,<jats:italic>Onchocerca cervipedis<\/jats:italic>is the sole species known to infect cervids, while at least 5<jats:italic>Onchocerca<\/jats:italic>species infect Eurasian cervids. In this study, we report the discovery of a cervid-parasitizing<jats:italic>Onchocerca<\/jats:italic>only distantly related to<jats:italic>O. cervipedis<\/jats:italic>. To reconstruct the phylogenetic history of the genus<jats:italic>Onchocerca<\/jats:italic>, we used newly acquired DNA sequence from<jats:italic>O. cervipedis<\/jats:italic>(from moose in Northwest Territories, Canada) and from the newly discovered species (from white-tailed deer in upstate New York), as well as previously published sequences. Ancestral host reconstructions suggest that host switches have been common throughout the evolutionary history of<jats:italic>Onchocerca<\/jats:italic>, and that bovid- and cervid-parasitizing species have been particularly important sources of descendant species. North America cervids might therefore serve as a source for<jats:italic>Onchocerca<\/jats:italic>invasions into new hosts. Given the high density of deer populations, the potential for zoonotic infections may also exist. Our discovery of a new<jats:italic>Onchocerca<\/jats:italic>species with relatively limited sampling suggests that the diversity of<jats:italic>Onchocerca<\/jats:italic>associated with cervids in North America may be greater than previously thought, and surveys utilizing molecules and morphology are necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182012001758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,6]],"date-time":"2012-11-06T13:54:10Z","timestamp":1352210050000},"page":"1201-1210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Cryptic<i>Onchocerca<\/i>species infecting North American cervids, with implications for the evolutionary history of host associations in<i>Onchocerca<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"QUINN S.","family":"McFREDERICK","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"TAMARA S.","family":"HASELKORN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"GUILHERME G.","family":"VEROCAI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JOHN","family":"JAENIKE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.08.031"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh340"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1079\/JOH2006331","article-title":"Molecular systematics of five Onchocerca species (Nematoda: Filarioidea) including the human parasite, O. volvulus, suggest sympatric speciation","volume":"80","author":"Morales-Hojas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Helminthology"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2012.01023.x"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2011182185"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref45","first-page":"202","article-title":"New nematodes (Filariidae) from North American ruminants","volume":"110","author":"Wehr","year":"1935","journal-title":"Zoologischer Anzeiger"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030371"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/123.3.585","article-title":"Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism","volume":"123","author":"Tajima","year":"1989","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2010.05.006"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762007005000114"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.09.008"},{"key":"S0031182012001758_ref27","unstructured":"Nylander J. 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