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This important role relies on the capability of animal models to assess the disposition, toxicology and efficacy of drugs in a single test. Although the relative merits of each efficacy model of malaria as human surrogate have been extensively discussed, there are no critical analyses on the use of such models in current drug discovery. In this article, we intend to analyse how efficacy models are used to discover new antimalarial drugs. Our analysis indicates that testing drug efficacy is often the last assay in each discovery stage and the experimental designs utilized are not optimized to expedite decision-making and inform clinical development. In light of this analysis, we propose new ways to accelerate drug discovery using efficacy models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182013000991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]],"date-time":"2013-06-21T14:28:15Z","timestamp":1371824895000},"page":"93-103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Animal models of efficacy to accelerate drug discovery in malaria"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"MAR\u00cdA BEL\u00c9N","family":"JIM\u00c9NEZ-D\u00cdAZ","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SARA","family":"VIERA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ELENA","family":"FERN\u00c1NDEZ-ALVARO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I\u00d1IGO","family":"ANGULO-BARTUREN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm3001373"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref89","volume-title":"Global Report on Antimalarial Drug Efficacy and Drug Resistance: 2000\u20132010","year":"2010"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-278"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000402"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/bhm.2005.0092"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ml200143c"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3311"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05188-11"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01061-12"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.10.014"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1109368108"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05326-11"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0802982105"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01566-10"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2201"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000412"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm300041e"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.6.1847-1853.2001"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00067-11"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00056-09"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00878-07"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00118"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm300286a"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01304-08"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20647"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32834cd3ed"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05006-11"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2012.01.004"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156802611794480927"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09107"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2008.12.011"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1416"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037171"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref26","first-page":"81","article-title":"Primaquine and tafenoquine in the Plasmodium cynomolgi causal prophylactic malaria model","volume":"83","author":"DiTusa","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804338105"},{"key":"S0031182013000991_ref23","first-page":"85","article-title":"Nonhuman primate models. 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