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Behavioural assessment (assessment of cognitive performance), evaluation of cerebral L-[<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H]glutamate uptake, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and Ca<jats:sup>+2<\/jats:sup>and Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-ATPase activity were evaluated at 5 and 30 days post infection (dpi). This study demonstrates a cognitive impairment in rats infected with<jats:italic>T. evansi<\/jats:italic>. At 5 dpi memory deficit was demonstrated by an inhibitory avoidance test. With the chronicity of the disease (30 dpi) animals showed anxiety symptoms. It is possible the inhibition of cerebral Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>-ATPase activity, AChE and synaptosomal glutamate uptake are involved in cognitive impairment in infected rats by<jats:italic>T. evansi<\/jats:italic>. The understanding of cerebral host\u2013parasite relationship may shed some light on the cryptic symptoms of animals and possibly human infection where patients often present with other central nervous system (CNS) disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s003118201300108x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,21]],"date-time":"2013-08-21T13:42:52Z","timestamp":1377092572000},"page":"1432-1441","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["<i>Trypanosoma evansi<\/i>infection impairs memory, increases anxiety behaviour and alters neurochemical parameters in rats"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"PATR\u00cdCIA","family":"WOLKMER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FRANCINE C.","family":"PAIM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00c1SSIA B.","family":"DA SILVA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"BIBIANA M.","family":"GAI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FABIANO B.","family":"CARVALHO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ANA CRISTINA G.","family":"DA SOUZA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MICHELLE M.","family":"DA ROSA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ALEKSANDRO S.","family":"DA SILVA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PAULA R.","family":"PEREIRA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SONIA T. 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