{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:22:03Z","timestamp":1791314523122,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]],"date-time":"2013-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382054400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Toxoplasmosis is largely present in rural areas but its spatial distribution in this environment remains poorly known. In particular, it is unclear if areas of high density of cats, the only hosts excreting <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>, constitute foci of high prevalence. To improve our understanding of the spatial distribution of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> in rural areas, we performed a serological survey in rodents from two villages in France. We trapped 710 rodents including commensal rats and meadow or forest voles and mice. The presence of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> was examined using PCR, mice inoculation and modified agglutination test for antibodies (MAT). We conducted multivariate and discriminant analyses to identify biological, ecological or spatial variables that could explain <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> serology in rodents. We then used a logistic regression to assess the relative influence of each explanatory variable. Overall seroprevalence was 4\u00b71%. Commensal-rats were more infected (12\u00b75%) than non-commensal species (3\u00b77%). However, the major determinant of the risk of infection was the distance to the nearest farm (OR\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b775 for 100\u00a0m), which explained the risk in all species or non-commensal species only. We contrast the role of species characteristics and that of the local environment, and discuss the risk of environmental contamination for humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182013001522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]],"date-time":"2013-10-18T11:05:48Z","timestamp":1382094348000},"page":"259-268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Species or local environment, what determines the infection of rodents by <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"C\u00c9CILE","family":"GOTTELAND","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YANNICK","family":"CHAVAL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ISABELLE","family":"VILLENA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MAXIME","family":"GALAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00c9GINE","family":"GEERS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DOMINIQUE","family":"AUBERT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MARIE-LAZARINE","family":"POULLE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"NATHALIE","family":"CHARBONNEL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EMMANUELLE","family":"GILOT-FROMONT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1739.2005.00384.x"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3283964"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.7.4035-4039.2004"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(92)90062-E"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1980.29.1161"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-3-7"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09603120701540856"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref42","first-page":"332","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among wild rats (Rattus rattus) in Ahvaz District, southwestern Iran","volume":"5","author":"Mosallanejad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-8278.2001.00100.x"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-1348(03)00067-4"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/5657-VETMED"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2009.0238"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2000.41.4.491"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1986.tb03610.x"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1219449"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref25","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis \u2013 Recent Advances","author":"Gilot-Fromont","year":"2012"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-114"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048374"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-1905-z"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-902R.1"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.09.001"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1987.tb01426.x"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-39.2.456"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref10","volume-title":"Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: A Practical Information- Theoretic Approach","author":"Burnham","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1182"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref7","unstructured":"Barto\u0144 K. (2009). MuMIn: Multi-Model Inference. R package, version 0.12.2. http:\/\/r-forge.r-project.org\/pro-jects\/mumin\/."},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref6","first-page":"229","article-title":"Feeding, social behaviour and interspecific competition in wild rats","volume":"3","author":"Barnett","year":"1951","journal-title":"Behaviour"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.08.039"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref4","first-page":"223","volume-title":"Field Methods for Rodent Studies in Asia and the Indo-Pacific","author":"Aplin","year":"2003"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2009.0123"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.05.030"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-010-1029-6"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182007003320"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2010.0119"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-0276108042013002"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir667"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003004189"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14411\/fp.2007.041"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035834"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref50","first-page":"46","article-title":"Serologic detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Rattus spp. collected from three different sites in Dasmarinas, Cavite, Philippines","volume":"36","author":"Salibay","year":"2005","journal-title":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref12","first-page":"5","article-title":"The ade4 package-I- One-table methods","volume":"4","author":"Chessel","year":"2004","journal-title":"R News"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.072983"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.12042"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-1342R.1"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3283961"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/04-0645"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118209700231X"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182008005428"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.06.018"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref2a","first-page":"51","article-title":"Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in human beings and commensal rodents trapped from Lahore, Pakistan","volume":"22","author":"Ahmad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182097008950"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025970"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-33.3.480"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2610.1"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref16","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Man","author":"Dubey","year":"1988"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/26.4.404"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182011000904"},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref45","unstructured":"R Development Core Team (2012). A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. ISBN 3-900051-07-0. http:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"key":"S0031182013001522_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156853991X00184"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182013001522","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T23:56:29Z","timestamp":1555977389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182013001522\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182013001522"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182013001522","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 Cambridge University Press 2013\u00a0","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}