{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:46:05Z","timestamp":1790793965080,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]],"date-time":"2013-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382054400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> species are important parasites of wildlife, domestic animals and people worldwide; however, little is known about the prevalence, intensity and genetic diversity of <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> tapeworms in Canadian wildlife. <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> tapeworms were harvested from the intestines of 42% of 93 wolves (<jats:italic>Canis lupus<\/jats:italic>) from five sampling regions in the Northwest Territories, Manitoba and Saskatchewan, and visually identified to genus level by microscopic examination. Genetic characterization was successful for tapeworms from 30 wolves, and identified both <jats:italic>Echinococcus canadensis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/jats:italic> in all sampling locations. Mixed infections of <jats:italic>E. canadensis\/E. multilocularis<\/jats:italic>, as well as the G8\/G10 genotypes of <jats:italic>E. canadensis<\/jats:italic> were observed. These findings suggest that wolves may be an important definitive host for both parasite species in western Canada. This represents the first report of wolves naturally infected with <jats:italic>E. multilocularis<\/jats:italic> in North America, and of wolves harbouring mixed infections with multiple species and genotypes of <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic>. These observations provide important information regarding the distribution and diversity of zoonotic species of <jats:italic>Echinococcus<\/jats:italic> in western North America, and may be of interest from public health and wildlife conservation perspectives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182013001716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]],"date-time":"2013-10-18T11:06:00Z","timestamp":1382094360000},"page":"159-163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["<i>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/i> and <i>Echinococcus canadensis<\/i> in wolves from western Canada"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"JANNA M.","family":"SCHURER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KAREN M.","family":"GESY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BRETT T.","family":"ELKIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EMILY J.","family":"JENKINS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.03.003"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref32","first-page":"8","article-title":"The occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in fox and wolf in Tacheng District, Xinjiang","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"1989","journal-title":"Bulletin of Endemic Diseases"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000073832"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref28","first-page":"480","article-title":"Distribution and incidence of Echinococcus granulosus in man and other animals with special reference to Canada","volume":"43","author":"Sweatman","year":"1952","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000026561"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z79-321"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182008004198"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360100452","article-title":"Echinococcus multilocularis in European wolves (Canis lupus)","volume":"87","author":"Martinek","year":"2001","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470377000.ch7"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref6","volume-title":"WHO\/OIE Manual of Echinococcosis in Humans and Animals: a Public Health Problem of Global Concern","author":"Eckert","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/JOH2005282"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1810.120119"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.325"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(93)90065-7"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-003-1043-y"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14573-4"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z78-351"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref21","first-page":"89","volume-title":"Echinococcus and Hydatid Disease","author":"Rausch","year":"1995"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2009.07.010"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003003664"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z71-198"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref13","unstructured":"Kuyt E. (1972). Food habits and ecology of wolves on barren-ground caribou range in the Northwest Territories. Canadian Wildlife Services, Report Series No. 21, Ottawa, Canada."},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3371-x"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref26","first-page":"97","article-title":"Surveillance for Echinococcus canadensis genotypes in Canadian ungulates","volume":"2","author":"Schurer","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182005009170"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-004-1633-0"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407706-5.00002-2"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182007002235"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref19","first-page":"92","volume-title":"The Ecology of the Timber Wolf in Algonquin Provincial Park","volume":"87","author":"Pimlott","year":"1969"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1985.tb14142.x"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z73-158"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1806.111420"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006001934"},{"key":"S0031182013001716_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.292","article-title":"Dual infection of animal hosts with different Echinococcus species in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau region of China","volume":"75","author":"Xiao","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182013001716","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T23:55:56Z","timestamp":1555977356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182013001716\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182013001716"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182013001716","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 Cambridge University Press 2013\u00a0","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}