{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T15:42:49Z","timestamp":1782920569637,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,20]],"date-time":"2015-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1432080000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diploid (2<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 2<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>= 20) and triploid (2<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 3<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>= 30)<jats:italic>Fasciola hepatica<\/jats:italic>have been reported in the UK, and in Asia diploid, triploid and mixoploid (2<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\/3<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>)<jats:italic>Fasciola<\/jats:italic>spp. exist but there is little information to indicate how common triploidy is, particularly in UK fluke. Here the ploidy of 565 adult<jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>from 66 naturally infected British sheep and 150 adult<jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>from 35 naturally infected British cattle was determined. All 715 of these parasites were diploid, based on observation of 10 bivalent chromosomes and sperm (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 335) or, since triploids are aspermic, sperm alone (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 380). This constitutes the first extensive analysis of the ploidy of<jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>field isolates from Great Britain and shows that most<jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>isolated from cattle and sheep are diploid and have the capacity to sexually reproduce. These data suggest that triploidy, and by extension parthenogenesis, is rare or non-existent in wild British<jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>populations. Given that<jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>is the only species of<jats:italic>Fasciola<\/jats:italic>present in Britain our results indicate that the parasite is predominantly diploid in areas where<jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>exists in isolation and suggests that triploidy may only originate in natural populations where co-infection of<jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>and its sister species<jats:italic>Fasciola gigantica<\/jats:italic>commonly occurs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182015000499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,20]],"date-time":"2015-05-20T09:39:03Z","timestamp":1432114743000},"page":"1196-1201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["<i>Fasciola hepatica<\/i>from naturally infected sheep and cattle in Great Britain are diploid"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"N. 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