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Freshwater snails were collected from selected water bodies and screened for emergence of cercariae. The infection rates in cattle were<jats:italic>Fasciola gigantica<\/jats:italic>28\u00b72%, paramphistomes 62\u00b78% and<jats:italic>Schistosoma bovis<\/jats:italic>4\u00b78%. Notably, prevalence of trematode infections in cattle was much higher in highland (altitude &gt; 1500 m) as compared with lowland (altitude &lt; 1500 m) areas and was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value = 0\u00b7000) for<jats:italic>F. gigantica<\/jats:italic>and paramphistomes but not for<jats:italic>S. bovis<\/jats:italic>. The snails collected included<jats:italic>Lymnaea natalensis, Bulinus africanus, Bulinus tropicus, Bulinus forskali, Biomphalaria pfeifferi, Melanoides tuberculata<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Bellamya constricta<\/jats:italic>with a greater proportion of highland (75%) than lowland (36%) water bodies harbouring snails. Altitude is a major factor shaping the epidemiology of<jats:italic>F. gigantica<\/jats:italic>and paramphistomes infections in cattle in Iringa Rural District with greater emphasis upon control needed in highland areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182015000827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,8]],"date-time":"2015-07-08T04:53:38Z","timestamp":1436331218000},"page":"1430-1439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Associations between trematode infections in cattle and freshwater snails in highland and lowland areas of Iringa Rural District, Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"JAHASHI","family":"NZALAWAHE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AYUB A.","family":"KASSUKU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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