{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:28:18Z","timestamp":1776904098717,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,18]],"date-time":"2015-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439856000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>The immune response to leishmaniasis is complex, and the result of infection depends on both the genetic composition of the<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>species and the immunity of the host. Clinical and experimental evidence suggest that the activation of B cells leads to exacerbation of visceral leishmaniasis. However, the role of B-1 cells (a subtype of B lymphocytes) in the pathogenesis of experimental visceral leishmaniasis has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the importance of B-1 cells in experimental infection with<jats:italic>Leishmania.<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>)<jats:italic>chagasi<\/jats:italic>. Our results showed that BALB\/XID mice (X-linked immunodeficient mice which are genetically deficient in B-1 cells) infected with<jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>)<jats:italic>chagasi<\/jats:italic>for 45 days had a significant reduction in parasite load in the spleen when compared with control mice. Cytokine analysis showed that the BALB\/XID mice had lower amounts of IL-10 in their sera compared with control group. In addition, the transfer of B-1 cells from wild type mice into IL-10KO animals led to an increase in susceptibility to<jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>)<jats:italic>chagasi<\/jats:italic>infection in the IL-10KO mice, suggesting that the IL-10 produced by these cells is important in experimental infection. Our results suggest that B-1 cells may play an important role in susceptibility to<jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic>)<jats:italic>chagasi<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182015000943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,19]],"date-time":"2015-08-19T03:31:17Z","timestamp":1439955077000},"page":"1506-1515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["B-1 cells contribute to susceptibility in experimental infection with<i>Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"WAGNER FRANCISCO KENNERLY MARCONDES","family":"GONZAGA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"VANESSA","family":"XAVIER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"BRUNO 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