{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T19:41:08Z","timestamp":1785786068882,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]],"date-time":"2016-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455753600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Extracts and essential oils from plants are important natural sources of pesticides. These compounds are considered an alternative to control ectoparasites of veterinary importance. <jats:italic>Schinus molle<\/jats:italic>, an endemic species of Brazil, produces a high level of essential oil and several other compounds. The aim of this work was to determinate the chemical composition of extracts and essential oils of <jats:italic>S. molle<\/jats:italic> and further to evaluate the activity against eggs and adults of <jats:italic>Ctenocephalides felis felis,<\/jats:italic> a predominant flea that infests dogs and cats in Brazil. In an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> assay, the non-polar (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-hexane) extract showed 100% efficacy (800 <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>g cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>; LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> = 524\u00b780 <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>g cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>) at 24 and 48 h. Its major compound was lupenone (50\u00b725%). Essential oils from fruits and leaves were evaluated, and had 100% efficacy against adult fleas at 800 <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>g cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> (LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> = 353\u00b795 <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>g cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>) and at 50 <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>g cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> (LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> = 12\u00b702 <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>g cm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>), respectively. On the other hand, the essential oil from fruits and leaves was not active against flea eggs. This is the first study that reports the insecticidal effects of essential oils and extracts obtained from <jats:italic>Schinus molle<\/jats:italic> against <jats:italic>Ctenocephalides felis felis.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182016000081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,18]],"date-time":"2016-02-18T06:19:33Z","timestamp":1455776373000},"page":"627-638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["<i>In vitro<\/i> efficacy of essential oils and extracts of <i>Schinus molle<\/i> L. against <i>Ctenocephalides felis felis.<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"LILIAN C.","family":"DE S. O. 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