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Analysis of the adaptive immune response to <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic> beyond descriptive studies is challenging, as no murine model for the complete infection cycle is available. However, the combined employment of different models each capable of modelling some features of <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic> life cycle and pathology has advanced our understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved in host defence. Here we review: (i) studies using <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic> third stage larvae implanted in diffusion chambers in the subcutaneous tissue of mice that allow analysis of the immune response to the human pathogenic <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic> species; (ii) studies using <jats:italic>Strongyloides ratti and Strongyloides venezuelensis<\/jats:italic> that infect mice and rats to extend the analysis to the parasites intestinal life stage and (iii) studies using <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic> infected gerbils to analyse the hyperinfection syndrome, a severe complication of human strongyloidiasis that is not induced by rodent specific <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic> spp. We provide an overview of the information accumulated so far showing that <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic> spp. elicits a classical Th2 response that culminates in different, site specific, effector functions leading to either entrapment and killing of larvae in 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