{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T19:40:06Z","timestamp":1788550806611,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,16]],"date-time":"2016-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463356800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Finch trichomonosis is an emerging infectious disease affecting European passerines caused by a clonal strain of <jats:italic>Trichomonas gallinae<\/jats:italic>. Migrating chaffinches (<jats:italic>Fringilla coelebs<\/jats:italic>) were proposed as the likely vector of parasite spread from Great Britain to Fennoscandia. To test for such parasite carriage, we screened samples of oesophagus\/crop from 275 Apodiform, Passeriform and Piciform birds (40 species) which had no macroscopic evidence of trichomonosis (i.e. necrotic ingluvitis). These birds were found dead following the emergence of trichomonosis in Great Britain, 2009\u20132012, and were examined post-mortem. Polymerase chain reactions were used to detect (ITS1\/5\u00b78S rRNA\/ITS2 region and single subunit rRNA gene) and to subtype (Fe-hydrogenase gene) <jats:italic>T. gallinae. Trichomonas gallinae<\/jats:italic> was detected in six finches [three chaffinches, two greenfinches (<jats:italic>Chloris chloris<\/jats:italic>) and a bullfinch (<jats:italic>Pyrrhula pyrrhula<\/jats:italic>)]. Sequence data had 100% identity to the European finch epidemic A1 strain for each species. While these results are consistent with finches being vectors of <jats:italic>T. gallinae<\/jats:italic>, alternative explanations include the presence of incubating or resolved <jats:italic>T. gallinae<\/jats:italic> infections. The inclusion of histopathological examination would help elucidate the significance of <jats:italic>T. gallinae<\/jats:italic> infection in the absence of macroscopic lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182016000780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,16]],"date-time":"2016-05-16T11:32:17Z","timestamp":1463398337000},"page":"1294-1300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Detection of the European epidemic strain of <i>Trichomonas gallinae<\/i> in finches, but not other non-columbiformes, in the absence of macroscopic disease"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"ERASMUS K.H.J.","family":"ZU 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