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In this study, recombinant full-length XJrRAP-1a\u03b12 (rhoptry-associated protein 1a\u03b12) and C-terminal XJrRAP-1a\u03b12 CT of<jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>sp. Xinjiang were expressed and used to evaluate their diagnostic potential for<jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>sp. Xinjiang infections by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Purified XJrRAP-1a\u03b12 was tested for reactivity with sera from animals experimentally infected with<jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>sp. Xinjiang and other haemoparasites using Western blotting and ELISA. The results showed no cross-reactivities between XJrRAP-1a\u03b12 CT and sera from animals infected by other pathogens. High level of antibodies against RAP-1a usually lasted 10 weeks post-infection (wpi). A total of 3690 serum samples from small ruminants in 23 provinces located in 59 different regions of China were tested by ELISA. The results indicated that the average positive rate was 30\u00b743%, and the infections were found in all of the investigated provinces. This is the first report on the expression and potential use of a recombinant XJrRAP-1a\u03b12 CT antigen for the development of serological assays for the diagnosis of ovine babesiosis, caused by<jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic>sp. Xinjiang.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182016001293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,17]],"date-time":"2016-10-17T10:46:39Z","timestamp":1476701199000},"page":"1990-1999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Expression of sheep pathogen<i>Babesia<\/i>sp. 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