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Monogenean assemblages differed significantly between host species in terms of taxonomic structure, intensity and prevalence. Parasite richness ranged from 0 (<jats:italic>Chaetodon lunulatus<\/jats:italic>) to 11 (<jats:italic>C. auriga, C. citrinellus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. lunula<\/jats:italic>). Host specificity varied between the dactylogyrids species, being found on 2\u201329 of the 34 chaetodontid species examined. Sympatric butterflyfish species were typically parasitized by different combinations of dactylogyrid species, suggesting the existence of complex host\u2013parasite interactions. We identified six clusters of butterflyfish species based on the similarities of their dactylogyrid communities. Dactylogyrid richness and diversity were not related to host size, diet specialization, depth range or phylogeny of butterflyfish species. However, there was a weak positive correlation between monogenean richness and diversity and host geographical range. Most communities of dactylogyrids were dominated by <jats:italic>Haliotrema aurigae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>H. angelopterum<\/jats:italic>, indicating the importance of the genus <jats:italic>Haliotrema<\/jats:italic> in shaping monogenean communities of butterflyfishes. This study casts light on the structure of the monogenean communities of butterflyfishes, suggesting that the diversity and complexity of community structures arises from a combination of host species-specific parameters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182016001463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T06:59:27Z","timestamp":1472540367000},"page":"1580-1591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Gill monogenean communities (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea, Dactylogyridae) of butterflyfishes from tropical Indo-West Pacific Islands"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"MIRIAM","family":"REVERTER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SCOTT C.","family":"CUTMORE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RODNEY","family":"BRAY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"THOMAS H.","family":"CRIBB","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PIERRE","family":"SASAL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182016001463_ref61","first-page":"895","article-title":"A method for testing the assumption of phylogenetic independence in comparative data","volume":"1","author":"Abouheif","year":"1999","journal-title":"Evolutionary Ecology Research"},{"key":"S0031182016001463_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(98)00084-8"},{"key":"S0031182016001463_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.1208"},{"key":"S0031182016001463_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-3257"},{"key":"S0031182016001463_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-1645.1"},{"key":"S0031182016001463_ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immune mechanisms in fish skin against monogeneans \u2013 a model","volume":"46","author":"Buchmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Folia Parasitologica"},{"key":"S0031182016001463_ref15","unstructured":"Froese R. and Pauly D. 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