{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T19:04:17Z","timestamp":1793473457053,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,27]],"date-time":"2017-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498521600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>, a zoonotic parasite of global importance, infects all endothermic vertebrates, with extensive health implications. The prevalence of this parasite is seldom monitored in wildlife. Here, a semi-aquatic species, the Eurasian otter (<jats:italic>Lutra lutra<\/jats:italic>) was used as a model to assess the potential effect of climate, land cover and biotic factors on <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> seroprevalence in British wildlife. The Sabin\u2013Feldman cytoplasm-modifying dye test identified <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> antibodies in 25\u00b75% of blood samples from otters found dead, mainly as road kill, in England and Wales, between 2004 and 2010. Otters in the east of England were more likely to be infected with <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> than those in western regions. Land cover and temperature are key determinants of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> infection risk, with more infection in arable areas and lower infection where temperatures are higher. The probability of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> infection increased with host age, reflecting cumulative exposure with time, but there was no association between <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> seroprevalence and cause of host death.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182017000865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,27]],"date-time":"2017-06-27T06:18:01Z","timestamp":1498544281000},"page":"1433-1440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["East-West Divide: temperature and land cover drive spatial variation of <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> infection in Eurasian otters (<i>Lutra lutra<\/i>) from England and Wales"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"144","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3110-3489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"WILLOW A.","family":"SMALLBONE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6662-6343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"ELIZABETH A.","family":"CHADWICK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JANET","family":"FRANCIS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EDWARD","family":"GUY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SARAH E.","family":"PERKINS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ELLIE","family":"SHERRARD-SMITH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JOANNE","family":"CABLE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182017000865_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.88.9.1377"},{"key":"S0031182017000865_ref34","first-page":"110","article-title":"Wildlife disease ecology in changing landscapes: mesopredator release and to Toxoplasmosis","volume":"2","author":"Hollings","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife"},{"key":"S0031182017000865_ref23","unstructured":"Food Standard Agency (2012). 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