{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T10:52:24Z","timestamp":1766400744929,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]],"date-time":"2019-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565740800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease, especially who were under dialysis due to their depressed immunity.<jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>is a ubiquitous parasite that causes severe manifestations in immunocompromised patients. This case-control study was conducted to the immunodiagnosis and molecular validation of<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>infection among patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing haemodialysis. The study population consisted of 260 haemodialysis patients and 259 healthy controls referred to the main dialysis centres of Tehran, Iran during 2016. Anti-<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. As well, the<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>genomic DNA in whole blood samples of IgM-positive patients and healthy controls was evaluated using GRA6-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and SAG1-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays. The anti-<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>IgG and IgM antibodies were detected in 175 (67.3%) and 18 (7%) of haemodialysis patients and 122 (47%) and 4 (1.5%) of controls, respectively. Two of the 18 blood samples from IgM-positive patients and none of the IgM-positive control subjects were positive by GRA6-PCR. Whereas, nine and two blood samples of IgM-positive patients and controls were positive for<jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>DNA by a SAG1-LAMP technique respectively. The seropositivity of the<jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>IgM antibody was significantly different between haemodialysis patients and healthy controls which was confirmed by PCR and LAMP. The higher prevalence of<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>infection in haemodialysis patients compared with the controls proposes that these patients can be a group at risk for toxoplasmosis and screening for toxoplasmosis before dialysis is necessary for the patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182019001033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]],"date-time":"2019-08-09T06:45:58Z","timestamp":1565333158000},"page":"1683-1689","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Immunodiagnosis and molecular validation of<i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>infection among patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing haemodialysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Zahra","family":"Arab-Mazar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shirzad","family":"Fallahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davood","family":"Yadegarynia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amirreza","family":"Javadi Mamaghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9061-5089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyyed Javad","family":"Seyyed Tabaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Rajaeian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Rahmati 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