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Domestic free-range chickens (<jats:italic>Gallus domesticus<\/jats:italic>) are excellent sentinels of environmental contamination with<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>oocysts because they feed on the ground. Chickens can be easily infected with<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>; however, clinical toxoplasmosis is rare in these hosts. Chickens are comparatively inexpensive and thus are good sentinel animals for<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>infections on the farms. Here, the authors reviewed prevalence, the persistence of infection, clinical disease, epidemiology and genetic diversity of<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>strains isolated from chickens worldwide for the past decade. Data on phenotypic and molecular characteristics of 794 viable<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>strains from chickens are discussed, including new data on<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>isolates from chickens in Brazil. This paper will be of interest to biologists, epidemiologists, veterinarians and parasitologists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182020001134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T06:04:35Z","timestamp":1594706675000},"page":"1263-1289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Epidemiologic significance of<i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>infections in chickens (<i>Gallus domesticus<\/i>): the past decade"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4455-2870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. P.","family":"Dubey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. F. J.","family":"Pena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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