{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T00:17:43Z","timestamp":1793578663103,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]],"date-time":"2020-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601596800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Steroids have been shown to be beneficial in patients and mice with eosinophilic meningitis caused by <jats:italic>Angiostrongylus cantonensis<\/jats:italic> infection; however, the mechanism for this beneficial effect is unknown. We speculated that the effect of steroids in eosinophilic meningitis caused by <jats:italic>A. cantonensis<\/jats:italic> infection may be mediated by the downregulation of matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) and oxidative stress pathways <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). We found blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in mice with eosinophilic meningitis 2\u20133 weeks after infection as evidenced by increased extravasation of Evans blue and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) albumin levels. The administration of dexamethasone significantly decreased the amount of Evans blue and CSF albumin. The effect of dexamethasone was mediated by GRs and heat shock protein 70, resulting in subsequent decreases in the expressions of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in the CSF and brain parenchymal after 2 weeks of steroid administration. Steroid treatment also decreased CSF\/brain homogenate MMP-9 concentrations, but had no effect on CSF MMP-2 levels, indicating that MMP-9 rather than MMP-2 played a major role in BBB dysfunction in mice with eosinophilic meningitis. The concentration of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) gradually increased after 1\u20133 weeks of infection, and the administration of dexamethasone significantly downregulated the concentration of oxidized derivative 8-OHdG in CSF. In conclusion, increased 8-OHdG and MMP-9 concentrations were found in mice with eosinophilic meningitis caused by <jats:italic>A. cantonensis<\/jats:italic> infection. The effect of dexamethasone was mediated by GRs and significantly decreased not only the levels of 8-OHdG and MMP-9 but also NF-<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B, JNK and ERK.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182020001870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]],"date-time":"2020-10-02T03:30:33Z","timestamp":1601609433000},"page":"187-197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Dexamethasone downregulates the expressions of MMP-9 and oxidative stress in mice with eosinophilic meningitis caused by <i>Angiostrongylus cantonensis<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"148","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5441-4386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung-Chin","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Hsin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2010.04.017"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053370"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.68.281"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0792-7"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref14","first-page":"437","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of MMP-9, MMP-2 and TIMP-1, TIMP-2 expression in the central nervous system following infection with viral and bacterial meningitis","volume":"46","author":"Sulik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2004.71.222"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.20"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref12","first-page":"1076","article-title":"Selection of housekeeping genes for use in quantitative reverse transcription PCR assays on the murine cornea","volume":"16","author":"Ren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecular Vision"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(01)00766-5"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2005.11.017"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03393.x"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/174329210X12650506623203"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314036"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.12.047"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.11.003"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094701"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.38"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.06.038"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2004.08.010"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/374644"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00856-07"},{"key":"S0031182020001870_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2018.01.021"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182020001870","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T11:25:15Z","timestamp":1620991515000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182020001870\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182020001870"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182020001870","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2020. 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