{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:05:25Z","timestamp":1772150725167,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603324800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, which can infect almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans, leading to toxoplasmosis. Currently, the effective treatment for human toxoplasmosis is the combination of sulphadiazine and pyrimethamine. However, both drugs have serious side-effects and toxicity in the host. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the discovery of new anti-<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> drugs with high potency and less or no side-effects. Our findings suggest that lumefantrine exerts activity against <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> by inhibiting its proliferation in Vero cells <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> without being toxic to Vero cells (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.01). Lumefantrine prolonged mice infected with <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> from death for 3 days at the concentration of 50 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> than negative control (phosphate-buffered saline treated only), and reduced the parasite burden in mouse tissues <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.01; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.05). In addition, a significant increase in interferon gamma (IFN-\u03b3) production was observed in high-dose lumefantrine-treated mice (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.01), whereas interleukin 10 (IL-10) and IL-4 levels increased in low-dose lumefantrine-treated mice (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.01). The results demonstrated that lumefantrine may be a promising agent to treat toxoplasmosis, and more experiments on the protective mechanism of lumefantrine should be undertaken in further studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182020002036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T07:22:46Z","timestamp":1603351366000},"page":"122-128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Determination of lumefantrine as an effective drug against <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> infection \u2013 <i>in vitro<\/i> and <i>in vivo<\/i> study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Dawei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengen","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0389-1980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeed","family":"El-Ashram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qijun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3665-7779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Na","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182020002036_ref31","first-page":"1124","article-title":"Analysis of Toxoplasma gondii repeat region 529 bp (NCBI Acc. 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