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This has stimulated an increasing number of investigations, not only to better understand the mechanisms of allergy and helminth immunity but to find parasite-derived anti-inflammatory products that could improve the current treatments of chronic non-communicable inflammatory diseases such as asthma. A great number of helminth-derived immunomodulators have been discovered and some of them extensively analysed, showing their potential use as anti-inflammatory drugs in clinical settings. Since <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> is one of the most successful parasites, several groups have focused on the immunomodulatory properties of this helminth. As a result, several excretory\/secretory components and purified molecules have been analysed, revealing interesting anti-inflammatory activities potentially useful as therapeutic tools. 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