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In immunosuppressed conditions, severe and\/or disseminated cryptosporidiosis may occur and patients should be treated parenterally. To achieve the goal of developing parenteral treatment for cryptosporidiosis, the current study was undertaken to investigate the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> anticryptosporidial activity of aminoxanide. This new <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-<jats:italic>tert<\/jats:italic>-leucyl thiazolide is a soluble prodrug of tizoxanide (TIZ), the main metabolite of NTZ. Confirming the good efficacy of aminoxanide in <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/jats:italic>-infected HCT-8 cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration of 1.55 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> (\u00b10.21), in immunosuppressed <jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>-infected Mongolian gerbils (<jats:italic>Meriones unguiculatus<\/jats:italic>), a 5-day treatment with a daily intramuscular dose of 100 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> aminoxanide resulted in a 72.5% oocyst excretion inhibition, statistically equivalent to 75.5% in gerbils treated with a 4-fold lower oral dose of NTZ. <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/jats:italic>-induced intestinal pathology and inflammation were improved. Aminoxanide provides an injectable form of TIZ that NTZ was unable to do and is a promising drug for which optimization of the formulation should be further explored. These results represent a first promising step towards the goal of developing a parenteral treatment for cryptosporidiosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182021000524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]],"date-time":"2021-03-29T08:20:49Z","timestamp":1617006049000},"page":"975-984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Systemic efficacy on <i>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/i> infection of aminoxanide (RM-5061), a new amino-acid ester thiazolide prodrug of tizoxanide"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"El Hadji","family":"Diawara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Fran\u00e7ois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew 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