{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T04:37:18Z","timestamp":1792211838960,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P33123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P33123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Coccidia display a characteristic life cycle, where the parasites switch between asexual and sexual development, resulting in an environmental stage, the oocyst. The entero-pathogenic <jats:italic>Cystoisospora suis<\/jats:italic>, a coccidian parasite of swine and close relative to <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>, undergoes development in one host-cycle. Despite the well-described intracellular development of Coccidia, the <jats:italic>C. suis<\/jats:italic> life cycle can progress in an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, host cell-free system after initial intracellular development of merozoites. A novel host cell-free cultivation method was developed by transferring purified merozoites from cell culture supernatant (dpi 6) to culture medium and incubating them for 5 days to induce their progression to sexually differentiated stages. The development of sexual stages in the absence of host cells was verified by morphological studies, flow cytometry and the transcription analysis of three genes linked to sexual stages (HAP2, OWP and TyRP). The host cell-free culture permits the sexual development (and with this, the complete life cycle progression from sporozoites to oocysts) of <jats:italic>C. suis in vitro<\/jats:italic> and provides a new tool for detailed research on the development of <jats:italic>C. suis<\/jats:italic> and possibly other Coccidia. This will also be useful for the evaluation of novel drug or vaccine targets in these parasites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182021001074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T08:13:08Z","timestamp":1625127188000},"page":"1475-1481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Progression of asexual to sexual stages of <i>Cystoisospora suis<\/i> in a host cell-free environment as a model for Coccidia"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"148","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5068-2546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna 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\u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the same Creative Commons licence is included and the original work is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}