{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T05:41:37Z","timestamp":1794030097306,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":270,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684886400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In June 2022, at the XXXII Conference of the Italian Society of Parasitology, the parallels of the main endoparasitic infections of horses and donkeys were discussed. Although these 2 species are genetically different, they can be challenged by a similar range of parasites (i.e. small and large strongyles, and\n                    <jats:italic>Parascaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp.). Although equids can demonstrate some level of resilience to parasites, they have quite distinct helminth biodiversity, distribution and intensity among different geographical locations and breeds. Heavily infected donkeys may show fewer clinical signs than horses. Although parasite control is primarily provided to horses, we consider that there may be a risk of drug-resistance parasitic infection through passive infection in donkeys when sharing the same pasture areas. Knowing the possible lack of drug efficacy (&lt;90 or 80%), it is advocated the use of selective treatment for both species based on fecal egg counts. Adult horses should receive treatment when the threshold exceeds 200\u2013500 eggs per gram (EPG) of small strongyles. Moreover, considering that there are no precise indications in donkeys, a value &gt;300 EPG may be a safe recommendation. We have highlighted the main points of the discussion including the dynamics of helminth infections between the 2 species.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182023000525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T01:04:52Z","timestamp":1684890292000},"page":"1119-1138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Horse and donkey parasitology: differences and analogies for a correct diagnostic and management of major helminth infections"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"150","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8487-1051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Buono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2496-4034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Veneziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizia","family":"Veronesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Beltr\u00e3o","family":"Molento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref210","first-page":"39","article-title":"Efficacy of extra-label anthelmintic formulations against equine strongyles in Cuba","volume":"8","author":"Salas-Romero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref39","first-page":"64","article-title":"A field study on the efficacy of doramectin against strongyles and its egg reappearance period in horses","volume":"114","author":"Cirak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Deutsche Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref144","first-page":"84","article-title":"Exploring the \u03b2-tubulin gene family in a benzimidazole-resistant Parascaris univalens population","volume":"17","author":"Martin","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref224","first-page":"726","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy of doramectin injectable against gastrointestinal nematodes in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Khartoum, Sudan","volume":"3","author":"Seri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.131.4.71"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04396-5"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13374"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.03.018"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2885.2001.00305.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-009-9381-0"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.72.12.1639"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref68","unstructured":"Fogarty, U (1994) Tapeworm and equine colic. Annual Congress of British Equine Veterinary Association, Dublino."},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1997.58.08.881","article-title":"Comparative pharmacokinetics of caffeine and three metabolites in clinically normal horses and donkeys","volume":"58","author":"Peck","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8030042"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/evj.v22i2.4"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref188","first-page":"13","article-title":"Studies on gastro-intestinal helminths of Equus acinus in North Gujarat, India","volume":"15","author":"Parsani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Egyptian Journal of Biology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/20-91"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13350"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref14","first-page":"2","article-title":"Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys in Dudga Bora district, Ethiopia","volume":"18","author":"Ayele","year":"2006","journal-title":"Livestock Research for Rural Development"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.03.020"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/evj.v20i1.6"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref27","first-page":"497","article-title":"Strongyle nematode infection of donkeys and mules in and around Bahirdar, Northwest Ethiopia","volume":"9","author":"Bogale","year":"2012","journal-title":"Global Veterinaria"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(96)00136-1"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.12.026"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.5897\/JVMAH2016.0499","article-title":"Prevalence of endo-parasites in donkeys and camels in Karamoja sub-region, North-eastern Uganda","volume":"9","author":"Nakayima","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref225","first-page":"369","article-title":"Efficacy of ivermectin an injectable formulation against gastrointestinal nematodes of donkeys (Equus asinus)","volume":"75","author":"Seri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Veterinarski Arhiv"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12023"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10122283"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref168","first-page":"123","article-title":"Use of eprinomectin and pyrantel pamoate in donkey: evaluation of anthelmintic efficacy","volume":"19","author":"Napoli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Large Animal Review"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref80","first-page":"25","article-title":"Parasitological investigation in an organic dairy donkey farm","volume":"26","author":"Gianfaldoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Large Animal Review"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/vetworld.4.258"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref45","first-page":"218","article-title":"Parasitic profile of traction equids in the semi-arid climate of Para\u00edba state, Northeastern Brazil","volume":"27","author":"da Costa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/avmj.2013.166706"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref120","first-page":"49","article-title":"Anthelmintic resistance in strongylids (Nematoda: Strongylidae) parasitizing wild and domestic equids in the Askania Nova Biosphere Reserve, Ukraine","volume":"66","author":"Kuzmina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.08.007"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.06.013"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(99)00099-0"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.06.026"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516408X262352"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1986.tb03640.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00188-X"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref215","first-page":"4545","article-title":"Study of endoparasitic infection in donkeys \u2013 a report","volume":"5","author":"Sathiyamoorthy","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1984-29612020086"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref96","first-page":"144","article-title":"Internal parasites and lungworms of donkeys in Germany: age related evaluation of prevalence of infections and specific composition","volume":"91","author":"Gothe","year":"1984","journal-title":"Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1993.tb02948.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/evj.v20i2.7"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2020.102265"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref182","article-title":"Effects of levamisole on haematological and oxidative stress parameters in packed donkeys; efficacy of levamisole and ivermectin against strongyle infection in donkeys","author":"Okaiyeto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Research Square"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/helm-2020-0017"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-009-9259-7"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.86.2222.101.b"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.162.6.177"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2018.02.011"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-84782005000600041"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.04.019"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref263","first-page":"841","article-title":"Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in horses and donkeys in Al Diwaniyah Governorate","volume":"11","author":"Wannas","year":"2012","journal-title":"AL-Qadisiya Journal of Veterinary Medicine Science"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1998.tb10242.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-18.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref5","first-page":"73","article-title":"The occurrence of gastro intestinal parasites of donkeys in and around Holeta Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia","volume":"3","author":"Adeba","year":"2022","journal-title":"Advances"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-012-0265-3"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.12.020"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.10.003"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref108","first-page":"585","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy evaluation of anthelmintics activity of albendazole and ivermectin drench formulations in donkeys in Darfur, Sudan","volume":"80","author":"Imam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Veterinarski Arhiv"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.08.004"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref117","first-page":"39","article-title":"Epidemiological studies on internal parasites of equines of cold arid regions of Ladakh","volume":"17","author":"Kotwal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Centaur"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.10.013"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.01199.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.01.038"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(96)00123-3"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00560463"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-013-0352-z"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-69527-8_7"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12541"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X21000274"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref229","first-page":"224","article-title":"The incidence of helminth parasites in donkeys","volume":"2","author":"Shrikhande","year":"2009","journal-title":"Veterinary World"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2005.12.019"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref145","first-page":"6686688","article-title":"Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in horses and donkeys of Hassawa district, Southern Ethiopia","author":"Mathewos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine International"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref146","first-page":"67","article-title":"Study on strongyle infection of donkeys and horses in Hosaena district, Southern Ethiopia","volume":"12","author":"Mathewos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2021.101410"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref147","volume-title":"Equine Respiratory Diseases","author":"Matthews","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1990.tb00773.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1998.tb04487.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/OVJ.2021.v11.i2.8"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/evj.v17i1.2"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12478"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref173","first-page":"76","article-title":"Anthelmintic resistance in equine nematodes: current status and emerging trends","volume":"20","author":"Nielsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(99)00092-8"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2017.08.009"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref98","first-page":"195","article-title":"The prevalence of helminth species according to faecal examination in equids in different cities in Turkey","volume":"27","author":"G\u00fcl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.04.025"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref69","unstructured":"Garippa, G , Elisabetta, P , Sanna Passino, E , Pau, S , Columbano, N , Scanu, A , Caggiu, S , Deiana, R , Melosu, V and Manfredi, MT (2016) Risk factors of gastrointestinal parasites lungworms ticks and lice in donkeys in the Asinara National Park (Sardinia, Italy). In: Abstract Book, LXX Convegno Sisvet, pp. 258\u2013259."},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2018.11.003"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref261","first-page":"119","article-title":"Prevalence of major gastrointestinal parasites in donkeys in Dodola district, West Arsi, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia","volume":"12","author":"Wako","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Journal of Agricultural Sciences"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/bahpa.v53i3.32704"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref196","first-page":"e028220","article-title":"Cyathostomin fecal egg count and milk quality in dairy donkeys","volume":"30","author":"Perrucci","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref63","first-page":"4868797","article-title":"Anthelmintic efficacy of strongyle nematode to ivermectin and fenbendazole on working donkeys (Equus asinus) in and around Hosaena town, Southern Ethiopia","author":"Fesseha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine International"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2014.10.003"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref150","first-page":"515","article-title":"Anesthesia, sedation and pain management of donkeys and mules","volume":"35","author":"Matthews","year":"2019","journal-title":"Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2885.1999.00200.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-012-9516-z"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref8","first-page":"484","article-title":"Prevalence of lungworm D. arnfieldi (Cobbold 1884) in donkeys in Denmark and in horses in herds together with donkeys (author's transl)","volume":"33","author":"Andersen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nordisk Veterinaermedicin"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-013-0313-6"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(95)00837-3"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref243","first-page":"5","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of gastrointestinal nematode parasites of horse and donkeys in Hawassa town, Ethiopia","volume":"5","author":"Tesfu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal Veterinary Science and Technology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Study on strongyles and Parascaris parasites population in working donkeys of Central Shoa, Ethiopia","volume":"22","author":"Ayele","year":"2010","journal-title":"Livestock Research for Rural Development"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref12","first-page":"77","article-title":"The prevalence of Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Cobbold, 1884) in horses and donkeys","volume":"14","author":"Ayaz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3279582"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02043.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojvm.2013.36043"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v74i1.496"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9430824"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref245","first-page":"336","article-title":"Donkey endoparasites in an organic farm","volume":"52","author":"Trentini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-005-9004-3"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(96)01014-X"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref24","first-page":"133","article-title":"Descrizione di Parascaris univalens, parassita degli equini, e suo differenziamento da Parascaris equorum","volume":"65","author":"Biocca","year":"1978","journal-title":"Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei: Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.30.11.1230"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2016.01.005"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref111","first-page":"3735210","article-title":"Risk factors associated with the occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths among indigenous donkeys (Equus asinus) in Northeastern Nigeria","author":"Jajere","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientifica"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1994.0061"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0737-0806(99)80138-5"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref104","first-page":"95","article-title":"Prevalence and biodiversity of helminth parasites in donkeys (Equus asinus) in Iran","volume":"3","author":"Hosseini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2017.01.019"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/16.19.5867"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12018"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2018.1298-1306"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref7","first-page":"406","article-title":"Prevalence of equine helminthiasis in Gedeb Hasassa district, Arsi Zone, South Eastern Ethiopia","volume":"18","author":"Ambo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Global Veterinaria"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1994.tb00248.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(88)90192-5"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.01.004"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.01.025"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref46","article-title":"The use of body growth and kinship data from 16 generations for predicting thoroughbred performance","volume":"23","author":"Dall'Anese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Archives of Veterinary Science"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04421.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(89)90016-2"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref82","first-page":"37","article-title":"Some experiences with small daily doses of phenothiazine as a means of control of strongylid worms in the horse","volume":"72","author":"Gibson","year":"1960","journal-title":"The Veterinary Record"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2004.tb00275.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref72","first-page":"147","article-title":"Equine verminous arteritis \u2013 efficiency and speed of larvicidal activity as influenced by dosage of albendazole","volume":"70","author":"Georgi","year":"1980","journal-title":"The Cornell Veterinarian"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2013.04.013"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-010-0415-8"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-008-9142-5"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-0233(05)80005-X"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12394"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2020.09.004"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref178","unstructured":"Nielsen, MK , Mittel, L , Grice, A , Erskine, M , Graves, E , Vaala, W , Tully, RC , French, DD , Bowman, R and Kaplan, RM (2019) American Association of Equine Practitioners Parasite control guidelines. https:\/\/aaep.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Guidelines\/AAEPParasiteControlGuidelines_0.pdf."},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11606\/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.174275"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref134","first-page":"59","article-title":"Morphometric study of the infective larval stages (L3) of horse strongyles (Nematoda: Strongylidae) \u2013 3. Conclusions, future prospects, and proposal of an identification key for some common horse gastrointestinal nematodes in Portugal","volume":"15","author":"Madeira de Carvalho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Parasitologica Portuguesa"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Survey for common diseases and management practices of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Borno state, Nigeria","volume":"29","author":"Ahmed","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nigerian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref21","first-page":"989","article-title":"Identification of infective larvae of some common nematode strongylids of horses","volume":"144","author":"Bevilaqua","year":"1993","journal-title":"Revue Medicine Veterinaire"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182099004497"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-015-0893-5"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2012.00607.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(96)00134-8"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.02.006"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref252","first-page":"373","article-title":"A survey on helminth infections of equines in the Central Black Sea region, Turkey","volume":"33","author":"Umur","year":"2009","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-animal-061220-023118"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref115","first-page":"1980","article-title":"Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch, 1883; Reichenow, 1940) from worker horses and donkeys of Shahrekord, Iran","volume":"2","author":"Karimi Ghahfarrokhi","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0737-0806(07)80064-5"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref54","first-page":"1479","article-title":"Parasite control in horse \u2013 a summary of contemporary drugs","volume":"76","author":"Drudge","year":"1981","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine Small Animal Clinician"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.11.024"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2005.02.022"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2017.04.006"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004007127"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.1996.0050"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/inp.i5287"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref35","first-page":"195","article-title":"Association between large strongyle genera in larval cultures \u2013 using rare-event Poisson regression","volume":"140","author":"Cav","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JVMAH2015.0383"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-05103-8"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(78)90037-7"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00293524"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.f5646"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref4","first-page":"100478","article-title":"Strongylus vulgaris: infection rate and molecular characterization from naturally infected donkeys at Sadat City, Egypt","volume":"22","author":"AbouLaila","year":"2020","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0737-0806(97)80228-6"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2018.e00076"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.3923\/javaa.2011.1850.1854","article-title":"Endoparasites of donkeys in Sululta and Gefersa districts of Central Oromia, Ethiopia","volume":"10","author":"Zerihun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref65","article-title":"Prevalence of equine lung worm (Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) and its associated risk factors in Jimma town, South West Ethiopia","volume":"40","author":"Feye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Advances in Life Science and Technology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref184","first-page":"490","article-title":"Absence of polymorphisms in codons 167, 198 and 200 of all seven \u03b2-tubulin isotypes of benzimidazoles susceptible and resistant Parascaris spp. specimens from Australia","volume":"11","author":"\u00d6zben","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2005.01.002"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.10.041"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2018.08.007"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12233269"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref28","first-page":"231","volume-title":"Advances in Equine Nutrition","author":"Brown-Douglas","year":"2009"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vpoa.2019.100013"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-022-08702-6"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04747-w"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref33","first-page":"33","article-title":"Infestazione da anoplocefalidi (Cestosa, Cyclophyllidea) in cavalli allevati in Toscana","volume":"1","author":"Campigli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ippologia"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref233","first-page":"35","article-title":"Occurrence of lungworm infection in equines and their associated risk factors","volume":"8","author":"Solomon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Global Veterinaria"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci7040195"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-009-9462-0"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref155","first-page":"403","article-title":"Comparative pharmacokinetics of phenylbutazone and its metabolite oxyphenbutazone in clinically normal horses and donkeys","volume":"17","author":"Mealey","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JVMAH2012.030"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.10.003"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.04.026"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref136","first-page":"151","article-title":"Studies on Strongylus asini. I. Experimental infestation of equines","volume":"49","author":"Malan","year":"1982","journal-title":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10495398.2022.2099880"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516401776254835"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref132","first-page":"58","article-title":"Ivermectin: treating for naturally occurring infections of lungworms and stomach worms in equids","volume":"80","author":"Lyons","year":"1985","journal-title":"Veterinary Medicine"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00006763"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/s11687-007-0005-9"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2015.03.005"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.160997"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.1997.tb01306.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref221","unstructured":"Scott, EW (1997) Pharmacokinetics of ivermectin in donkeys and ponies. Association for Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Proceedings, Edinburgh, UK, pp. 20\u201321."},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.01.061"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2009.04.003"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2018.02.018"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref81","first-page":"32","volume-title":"L'asino All'attenzione Della Comunit\u00e0 Scientifica E del Territorio","author":"Giannetto","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14411\/fp.2015.023"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e12244"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref107","first-page":"223","article-title":"Survey of prevalence of helminth parasites of donkeys in and around Hawassa town, Southern Ethiopia","volume":"6","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Global Veterinaria"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1987.tb00097.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref124","unstructured":"Lewa, AK , Ngatia, TA , Munyua, WK and Maingi, NE (1999) Comparison of haematological changes and strongyle faecal egg counts in donkeys in Kiambu district of Kenya. In Kaumbutho, PG , Pearson, RA and Simalenga, TE (eds). 2000. Empowering Farmers wtih Animal Traction. Proceedings of the workshop of The Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA). 20-24 September 1999. Mpumalanga, South Africa, pp. 16\u2013168."},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref57","first-page":"133","article-title":"Evaluation of the Cornell\u2013Wisconsin centrifugal flotation technique for recovering trichostrongylid eggs from bovine feces","volume":"46","author":"Egwang","year":"1982","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine\/Revue canadienne de medecine comparee"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref244","unstructured":"Trawford, AF , Burden, F and Hodgkinson, JE (2005) Suspected moxidectin resistance in cyathostomes in two donkey herds at the Donkey Sanctuary, UK. In: 20th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology, New Zealand, p. 196."},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.142.11.268"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref158","first-page":"144","article-title":"Major gastrointestinal parasites of donkey in and around Jigjiga, Somali region, Ethiopia","volume":"11","author":"Mohamee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Advances in Biological Research"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref237","first-page":"22","article-title":"Review on dictyocaulosis and its impact in equine","volume":"2","author":"Tagesu","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Journal of Advance Healthcare Research"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-010-1441-y"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12308"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2016.02.237"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2008.10.001"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/v10058-008-0004-4"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-012-3117-1"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182007000029"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2015.01.002"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref216","unstructured":"Saul, C , Siefert, L and Opuda-Asibo, J (1997) Disease and health problems of donkeys: a case study from eastern Uganda. Proceeding for the Reader for ATNESA workshop, 5\u20139 May 1997. Debre Zeit, Ethiopia."},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.01.016"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.108926"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.01.041"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref257","unstructured":"Veneziano, V , Pacifico, L , Buono, F , Neola, B , Burden, FA and Mariani, U (2015) A field study on the efficacy of moxidectin and its egg reappearance period in donkeys naturally infected by Cyathostominae in Italy. 25th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology, Liverpool, p. 365."},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.02.018"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X20001017"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2007.07.014"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.162.12.384"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.11.002"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref270","first-page":"318","article-title":"Prevalence, intensity and risks involved in helminth infections in domestic mountain pony and Balkan donkey in nature park Stara Planina, Serbia","volume":"16","author":"\u017divkovi\u0107","year":"2021","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref48","first-page":"124","article-title":"Prevalence of helminth species by fecal examination in equines of Bursa","volume":"19","author":"Demir","year":"1995","journal-title":"Turkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.5897\/JVMAH2016.0528","article-title":"Prevalence and species of major gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys in Tenta Woreda, Amhara Regional state, Ethiopia","volume":"9","author":"Getahun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11010155"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12742"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2018.08.002"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref209","first-page":"235","article-title":"A survey of Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (Nematoda) infections in equids in Urmia region, Iran","volume":"64","author":"Saadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annals of Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref16","first-page":"471","article-title":"Endoparasites of donkeys and horses kept together in Upper Bavaria: range of species and intensity of infestation","volume":"24","author":"Beelitz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Tier\u00e4rztliche Praxis"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref230","first-page":"136","article-title":"Prevalence and treatment of tapeworms in horses","volume":"20","author":"Slocombe","year":"1979","journal-title":"Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref133","first-page":"123","article-title":"Efficacy of moxidectin and an ivermectin combination against ascarids, strongyles, and tapeworms in thoroughbred yearlings in field tests on a farm in Central Kentucky in 2016","volume":"8","author":"Lyons","year":"2017","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.12.031"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112249"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5672140"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref204","first-page":"824","article-title":"Gastrointestinal parasites of equine in South Wollo Zone, North Eastern Ethiopia","volume":"11","author":"Regassa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Global Veterinaria"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref223","first-page":"736","article-title":"A survey of gastrointestinal nematodes of donkeys (Equus asinus) in Khartoum state, Sudan","volume":"3","author":"Seri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.12536"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v76i4.429"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.150.9.279"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-017-5485-z"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-015-0651-7"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref50","first-page":"132","article-title":"Comparison of McMaster and Mini-Flotac fecal egg counting techniques in cattle and horses","volume":"10","author":"Dias de Castro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref253","first-page":"237","article-title":"Prevalence of endoparasites in horses and donkeys in Turkey","volume":"51","author":"Uslu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Veterinary Journal Institute in Pulawy"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12364"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref116","first-page":"53","article-title":"Gastrointestinal nematodes of equines in southern Darfur region of the Sudan","volume":"3","author":"Kheir","year":"1981","journal-title":"Sudan Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2013.02.020"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/evj.v15i2.67693"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(98)00105-8"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.143.6.169"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref59","first-page":"426","article-title":"Parasitological fecal studies of equids, dogs, cats and hedgehogs during the years 1984\u20131991","volume":"100","author":"Epe","year":"1993","journal-title":"Deutsche Tier\u00e4rztliche Wochenschrift"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-3422-0.00016-X"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.09.038"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref212","first-page":"58","article-title":"Prevalence, intensity and major species of gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys in Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha district, Central Ethiopia","volume":"10","author":"Sankuro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref112","first-page":"183","article-title":"Not playing by the rules: unusual patterns in the epidemiology of parasites in a natural population of feral horses (Equus caballus) on Sable Island, Canada","volume":"11","author":"Jenkins","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref73","unstructured":"Getachew, M (2006) Endoparasites of working donkeys in Ethiopia: epidemiological study and mathematical modelling (PhD thesis). University of Glasgow."},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2011.00291.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0442.2003.00531.x"},{"key":"S0031182023000525_ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2022.09.003"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182023000525","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,20]],"date-time":"2024-10-20T19:59:16Z","timestamp":1729454356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182023000525\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]]},"references-count":270,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182023000525"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182023000525","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original article is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained prior to any commercial use.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}