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The other NHP <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species, <jats:italic>Plasmodium cynomolgi<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Plasmodium brasilianum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Plasmodium inui<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Plasmodium simium<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Plasmodium coatneyi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Plasmodium fieldi<\/jats:italic> cause malaria in primates, which are mainly reported in southeast Asia and South America. The non-<jats:italic>knowlesi<\/jats:italic> NHP <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species also emerged and were found to cross-transmit from their natural hosts (NHP) \u2013 to human hosts in natural settings. Here we have reviewed and collated data from the literature on the NHPs-to-human-transmitting <jats:italic>non-knowlesi Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species. It was observed that the natural transmission of these NHP parasites to humans had been reported from 2010 onwards. This study shows that: (1) the majority of the non-<jats:italic>knowlesi<\/jats:italic> NHP <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> mixed species infecting human cases were from Yala province of Thailand; (2) mono\/mixed <jats:italic>P. cynomolgi<\/jats:italic> infections with other human-infecting <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species were prevalent in Malaysia and Thailand and (3) <jats:italic>P. brasilianum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. simium<\/jats:italic> were found in Central and South America.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s003118202300077x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T10:06:49Z","timestamp":1699265209000},"page":"1167-1177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The threat of increased transmission of non-<i>knowlesi<\/i> zoonotic malaria in humans: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Rini","family":"Chaturvedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shibani","family":"Biswas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanika","family":"Bisht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3305-0034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amit","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S003118202300077X_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7233207","article-title":"Cultivation in vitro of the vivax-type malaria parasite Plasmodium cynomolgi","volume":"212","author":"Nguyen-Dinh","year":"1981","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"S003118202300077X_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21038","article-title":"Plasmodium malariae and P. ovale genomes provide insights into malaria parasite evolution","volume":"542","author":"Rutledge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"S003118202300077X_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed5040175","article-title":"Proposed integrated control of zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi in southeast Asia using themes of One Health","volume":"5","author":"Scott","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease"},{"key":"S003118202300077X_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04129-2","article-title":"Zoonotic malaria transmission and land use change in Southeast Asia: what is known about the vectors","volume":"21","author":"van de Straat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Malaria Journal"},{"key":"S003118202300077X_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab1060","article-title":"Cryptic Plasmodium inui and Plasmodium fieldi infections among symptomatic malaria patients in Thailand","volume":"75","author":"Putaporntip","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"S003118202300077X_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2020.105596","article-title":"Natural Plasmodium infection in wild macaques of three states in Peninsular Malaysia","volume":"211","author":"Amir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"key":"S003118202300077X_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-04036-y","article-title":"Presence and potential distribution of malaria-infected New World primates of Costa Rica","volume":"21","author":"Chaves","year":"2022","journal-title":"Malaria Journal"},{"key":"S003118202300077X_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.2307\/3275712","article-title":"The species of simian malaria: taxonomy, morphology, life cycle, and geographical distribution of the monkey species","volume":"49","author":"Eyles","year":"1963","journal-title":"The Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"S003118202300077X_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.2307\/3276783","article-title":"Studies on the transmission of simian malarias. 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Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}