{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T20:55:34Z","timestamp":1782766534048,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706486400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> has at least 318 genotypes distributed worldwide, and tropical regions usually have greater genetic diversity. Campeche is a state located in the southeastern region of M\u00e9xico and has favourable climate conditions for the replication and dissemination of this protozoan, similar to those in South American countries where broad genetic diversity has been described. Thus, in this study, 4 <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> isolates were obtained from tissues of stray dogs and free-range chickens in Campeche, M\u00e9xico, and were genotyped by Mn-PCR-RFLP with 10 typing markers (<jats:italic>SAG1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>altSAG2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SAG3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>BTUB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GRA6<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>c22-8<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>c29-2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>L358<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PK1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Apico<\/jats:italic>) and 5 virulence markers (<jats:italic>CS3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ROP16<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ROP17<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ROP18<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ROP5<\/jats:italic>) to provide new information about the distribution and virulence prediction of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> genotypes. Two isolates of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> genotype #116 and 2 of genotype #38 were obtained from stray dogs and chickens, respectively. The parasite load found in these species was between &lt;50 and more than 35 000 tachyzoites per mg of tissue. Virulence marker genotyping revealed a recombinant 1&amp;3 <jats:italic>ROP5<\/jats:italic> RFLP pattern in 2 ToxoDB #116 isolates with no prediction of virulence in a murine model, while in the 2 ToxoDB #38 isolates, the <jats:italic>ROP18<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>ROP5<\/jats:italic> combination predicted high virulence. Considering all the typed markers, there is a predominance of type I and III alleles, as constantly reported for the isolates characterized in various regions of M\u00e9xico. It is crucial to determine their phenotype to corroborate the genetic virulence profile of the <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> isolates obtained in this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182024000106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T08:43:34Z","timestamp":1706517814000},"page":"363-369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Genotyping of <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> in domestic animals from Campeche, M\u00e9xico, reveals virulent genotypes and a recombinant <i>ROP5<\/i> allele"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Claudia Patricia","family":"Rico-Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Fernando","family":"Valenzuela-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvira","family":"Robles-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvar Alonzo","family":"Cruz-Tamayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Huchin-Cab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"P\u00e9rez-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizbeth","family":"Xicot\u00e9ncatl-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Luna-Past\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luz Belinda","family":"Ortiz-Alegr\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irma","family":"Ca\u00f1edo-Solares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Cedillo-Pel\u00e1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Garc\u00eda-Lacy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4269-8251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heriberto","family":"Caballero-Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182024000106_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.03.012"},{"key":"S0031182024000106_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182009991065"},{"key":"S0031182024000106_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-021-03129-9"},{"key":"S0031182024000106_ref8","unstructured":"CONABIO (2021) La biodiversidad en Campeche: estudio de Estado. 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