{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T01:10:36Z","timestamp":1788311436294,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716336000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Cylicospirura<\/jats:italic> Vevers, 1922 is a genus of gastrointestinal spirurid nematodes parasitizing mainly felid but also canid, hyaenid and dasyurid hosts. Presently, 11 species are recognized worldwide, of which 4, <jats:italic>Cylicospirura subaequalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Cylicospirura felinea<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Cylicospirura crocutae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cylicospirura pardalis<\/jats:italic>, have been recorded from African carnivores. In the present study, we describe <jats:italic>Cylicospirura phiri<\/jats:italic> n. sp. from hyaenas, namely <jats:italic>Crocuta crocuta<\/jats:italic> (type host) in Zimbabwe and <jats:italic>Hyaena hyaena<\/jats:italic> in Cameroon. The new species is the second species in the genus with bicuspid teeth. Furthermore, it can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of characters, such as the absence of accessory teeth, the length and shape of the muscular oesophagus, position of the nerve ring, deirids and excretory pore in relation to the muscular oesophagus, the position of the vulva, spicule length and the shape of the female tail. Additionally, based on new material, detailed morphological descriptions are provided for <jats:italic>C. crocutae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C. pardalis<\/jats:italic> whose original descriptions were based on fragmented material. The material from <jats:italic>Felis lybica<\/jats:italic>, currently deposited as <jats:italic>C. subaequalis<\/jats:italic>, is described as <jats:italic>C. felinea<\/jats:italic>. First-time scanning electron micrographs are presented for the 4 species confirmed in African carnivores.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182024000659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T02:58:19Z","timestamp":1716346699000},"page":"692-707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Further studies on the diversity of <i>Cylicospirura<\/i> Vevers, 1922 (Nematoda: Spirocercidae) in African carnivores, with description of a new species"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"151","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6650-1201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerstin","family":"Junker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin-Mari","family":"de Klerk-Lorist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Foggin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coralie","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasen","family":"Mutafchiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1927.11684534","article-title":"Spirocerca arctica \u2013 a new nematode parasite of Canis familiaris and Vulpes lagopus in North Russia","volume":"21","author":"Petrow","year":"1927","journal-title":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parsitology"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref8","first-page":"257","article-title":"First record of Cylicospirura (Cylicospirura) felinea (Chandler, 1925) Sandground, 1933 (Nematoda: Spirocercidae) from a domestic cat in South Africa","volume":"73","author":"Junker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.56021\/9780801882210","volume-title":"Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference","volume":"2","author":"Wilson","year":"2005"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.14411\/fp.2013.035","article-title":"Two new species of Cylicospirura Vevers, 1922 (Nematoda: Spirocercidae) from carnivores in southern Africa, with validation of the related genera Gastronodus Singh, 1934 and Skrjabinocercina Matschulsky, 1952","volume":"60","author":"Junker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Folia Parasitologica"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref20","first-page":"901","article-title":"[A new species of nematode, Petrowospirura petrowi n. sp. from the intestine of Felis chaus in Azerbaijan]","volume":"13","author":"Sadykhov","year":"1957","journal-title":"Doklady Akademii Nauk Azerbaydzhanskoy SSR"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000073431","article-title":"Two species of Nematoda (Spirurida: Spiruridae) from Australian dasyurids","volume":"58","author":"Mawson","year":"1968","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2021.102381","article-title":"Morphological and molecular characterization of Spirocerca lupi (Nematoda: Spirocercidae) from domestic dogs in Vietnam with reference to Spirocerca vulpis","volume":"84","author":"Hoa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parasitology International"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref11","first-page":"105","article-title":"[Cylicospirura skrjabini n. sp. (Spirurata) from foxes]","volume":"14","author":"Kozlov","year":"1964","journal-title":"Trudy GELAN"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref4","first-page":"51","article-title":"L\u2019\u00e9chinococcose des artiodactyles sauvages de la R\u00e9publique Centrafricaine: existence probable d'un cycle lion-phacoch\u00e8re","volume":"33","author":"Graber","year":"1980","journal-title":"Revue d\u2019\u00c9levage et de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire des Pays Tropicaux"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref26","first-page":"901","article-title":"On the parasitic Nematoda collected from mammalian hosts which died in the Gardens of the Zoological Society of London during the years 1919\u20131921; with a description of three new genera and three new species","volume":"61","author":"Vevers","year":"1922","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00009251","article-title":"Cylicospirura advena n. sp. (Nematoda: Spirocercidae) a stomach parasite from a cat in New Zealand, with observations on related species","volume":"3","author":"Clark","year":"1981","journal-title":"Systematic Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1973481117","article-title":"Pr\u00e9sence de Spirura guianensis (Ortlep, 1924) chez des Marsupiaux n\u00e9otropicaux","volume":"48","author":"Quentin","year":"1973","journal-title":"Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Compar\u00e9e"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref5","first-page":"143","article-title":"Helminthes des animaux sauvages d'Ethiopie. I. Mammif\u00e8res","volume":"33","author":"Graber","year":"1980","journal-title":"Revue d\u2019\u00c9levage et de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire des Pays Tropicaux"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref21","first-page":"462","article-title":"Report of the Harvard-African Expedition upon the African Republic of Liberia and the Belgian Congo. Part. III. Medical and biological investigations: 28, notes and descriptions of some parasitic helminths collected by the expedition","volume":"5","author":"Sandground","year":"1930","journal-title":"Contributions of the Department of Tropical Medicine and Institute of Tropical Biology and Medicine (Harvard University)"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02121363","article-title":"Report on the nematode parasites collected by the Kelley-Roosevelts expedition to Indo-China with descriptions of several new species. Part 1. Parasites of birds. Part 2. Parasites of mammals","volume":"5","author":"Sandground","year":"1933","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Parasitenkunde"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref23","first-page":"676","article-title":"Sur deux Spiropt\u00e8res du chat gant\u00e9 (Felis ocreata Gmel.)","volume":"74","author":"Seurat","year":"1913","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus des S\u00e9ances de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Biologie"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref24","first-page":"122","article-title":"Sur deux nouveaux parasites du renard d'Alg\u00e9rie","volume":"78","author":"Seurat","year":"1915","journal-title":"Comptes Rendus des S\u00e9ances de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Biologie"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2110","DOI":"10.1139\/z88-313","article-title":"Helminths of mountain lions (Felis concolor) from southwestern Texas, with a redescription of Cylicospirura subaequalis (Molin, 1860) Vevers, 1922","volume":"66","author":"Waid","year":"1988","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref12","unstructured":"le Roux, JC (1991) Tswana. South African Multi-Language Dictionary and Phrase Book: English, Afrikaans, Northern Sotho, Sesotho, Tswana, Xhosa, and Zulu, 1st edn, Reynierse C (ed.). The Reader's Digest Association of South Africa (Pty) Ltd., Cape Town, South Africa."},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref19","unstructured":"Round, MC (1968) Check list of the helminth parasites of African mammals of the orders Carnivora, Tubulidentata, Proboscidea, Hyracoidea, Artiodactyla and Perissodactyla. Technical Communication of the Commonwealth Bureau of Helminthology, St. Albans 38, 252 pp."},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref31","first-page":"911","article-title":"Una monografia del genre Spiroptera","volume":"37","author":"Molin","year":"1860","journal-title":"Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1139\/z78-146","article-title":"Spirocercid stomach worms (Nematoda: Spirocercidae) from wild felids in North America","volume":"56","author":"Pence","year":"1978","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.07.003","article-title":"Redescription of Spirura guianensis (Nematoda: Spiruridae) from a rare South American Gracile Opossum","volume":"150","author":"Torres","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2019.102029","article-title":"Severe infection caused by nymphs of Armillifer armillatus (Pentastomida, Porocephalidae) in a leopard, Panthera pardus, in the Kruger National Park, South Africa","volume":"76","author":"Junker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasitology International"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref10","unstructured":"Kitchener, AC , Breitenmoser-W\u00fcrsten, C , Eizirik, E , Gentry, A , Werdelin, L , Wilting, A , Yamaguchi, N , Abramov, AV , Christiansen, P , Driscoll, C , Duckworth, JW , Johnson, W , Luo, S-J , Meijaard, E , O'Donoghue, P , Sanderson, J , Seymour, K , Bruford, M , Groves, C , Hoffmann, M , Nowell, K , Timmons, Z and Tobe, S (2017) A revised taxonomy of the Felidae. The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN\/ SSC Cat Specialist Group. Cat News Special Issue 11, 80 pp."},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref2","first-page":"213","article-title":"The helminthic parasites of cats in Calcutta and the relation of cats to human helminthic infections","volume":"13","author":"Chandler","year":"1925","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref13","first-page":"315","article-title":"[Two new genera and species of spirurids of mammals]","volume":"6","author":"Matschulsky","year":"1952","journal-title":"Trudy GELAN"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref1","first-page":"293","article-title":"A new nematode of the genus Petrowospirura (Spiruroidea) from the cat, Felis domestica from India","volume":"26","author":"Arya","year":"1979","journal-title":"Folia Parasitologica"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref29","volume-title":"The Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates","author":"Yorke","year":"1926"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182018000707","article-title":"Spirocerca vulpis sp. nov. (Spiruridae: Spirocercidae): description of a new nematode species of the red fox, Vulpes vulpes (Carnivora: Canidae)","volume":"145","author":"Rojas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182024000659_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syr084","article-title":"Species delimitation: inferring gaps in morphology across geography","volume":"61","author":"Zapata","year":"2012","journal-title":"Systematic Biology"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182024000659","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T12:49:38Z","timestamp":1728564578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182024000659\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182024000659"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182024000659","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}