{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T08:07:45Z","timestamp":1780560465373,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Accurate characterization of helminth communities in amphibian hosts is essential for understanding host-parasite dynamics in changing environments. This study presents an integrative parasitological survey of\n                    <jats:italic>Bufotes viridis<\/jats:italic>\n                    populations in eastern Slovakia, using both morphological and molecular methods. A total of 61 road-killed individuals collected across 13 localities were examined for helminth presence. Only nematodes were detected, encompassing 3 families, Rhabdiasidae, Molineidae and Cosmocercidae. Four nematode species were recorded,\n                    <jats:italic>Rhabdias rubrovenosa, Oswaldocruzia filiformis, O. ukrainae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Aplectana linstowi<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and a further unidentified\n                    <jats:italic>Cosmocerca<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Notably,\n                    <jats:italic>R. rubrovenosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    seems to be a new or previously misidentified helminth species found in Slovakia. Cosmocercidae represented the most abundant family, while Molineidae occurred scarcely. Each species was characterized genetically \u2013 for the members of Rhabdiasidae and Cosmocercidae, partial 18S rDNA, complete ITS1, complete 5.8S rRNA, complete ITS2 and partial 28S rDNA sequences were amplified, whereas for representatives of Molineidae, partial COI sequences were obtained. These results underscore the utility of combining molecular and morphological tools in helminth biodiversity studies and provide updated baseline data on nematode infections in\n                    <jats:italic>B. viridis<\/jats:italic>\n                    within an anthropogenically influenced landscape. Despite visual patterns indicating differences in the community compositions of nematode families between urban and rural localities, multivariate analyses testing revealed no significant differences.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182025100966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T04:55:46Z","timestamp":1759726546000},"page":"1338-1354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A combined morphological and genetic survey of helminths in the European green toad\n                    <i>Bufotes viridis<\/i>\n                    (Laurenti, 1768) from eastern Slovakia"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Kristi\u00e1n","family":"Guly\u00e1s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romana","family":"Ga\u0161parovi\u010dov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Balogov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Pipov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Pape\u017e\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comenius University in Bratislava"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Hri\u0148\u00e1kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comenius University in Bratislava"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalibor","family":"Uhrovi\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Uhrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4358-9332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Benovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comenius University in Bratislava"},{"name":"Masaryk University"},{"name":"North-West University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12060772"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.28.1.341"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref42","first-page":"325","article-title":"Die Nematodenfauna der Fr\u00f6sche in dem Karpathengebietes der \u010cSSR","volume":"28","author":"Koz\u00e1k","year":"1973","journal-title":"Biol\u00f3gia"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baae.2004.08.003"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24189\/ncr.2020.041"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/eajbsz.2010.15906"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref27","first-page":"129","article-title":"Materials for the helminth fauna of Ukrainian vertebrates (fauna of cestodes, nematodes and acanthocephalans)","volume":"19","author":"Iwanitzky","year":"1940","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Kharkov Veterinary Institute"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref96","first-page":"31","article-title":"Origin\u00e1l [Parasitic helminths of vertebrates in the Meihuashan nature reserve and its surrounding areas]","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Wuyi Science Journal"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140577"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btl446"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103144"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004360000266"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22201\/ib.20078706e.2023.94.5332"},{"key":"S0031182025100966_ref62","first-page":"1","article-title":"Helmints of amphibians, their interaction and host-parasite relationships","volume":"9","author":"Prokopi\u010d","year":"1975","journal-title":"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Academiae Scientiarum Bohemicae - 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