{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:23:21Z","timestamp":1785417801503,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Heartworm disease is a serious acquired parasitic infection caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Dirofilaria immitis<\/jats:italic>\n                    that can cause severe lung manifestation, heart failure, and other organ damage in dogs. We hereby present a case of a seven-year-old, intact male which was submitted to treatment of heartworm disease with doxycycline and a single dose of injectable\u00a0moxidectin. Three weeks later the dog presented an acute coughing, hemoptysis and marked dyspnea and was admitted to the Hospital Veterin\u00e1rio Popular de Mossor\u00f3, a private veterinary hospital located in Mossor\u00f3, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Some hours after the admission, the dog showed a severe coughing episodes with progressive expectoration and subsequently profuse bloody discharge. At this time, two live worms were coughed out. The nematodes specimens (1 male and 1 female) were collected from bronchial mucus, and morphologically and molecularly identified as\n                    <jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . A fragment of 635 bp of the cytochrome oxidase C subunit 1 gene was sequenced and deposited at the GenBank database (Accession number: PV729978). The treatment of heartworm disease can be complex, and the veterinarian must evaluate each case individually to determine the best treatment protocol. Veterinarian practitioners must be aware about the risk of this presentation and intervene properly to keep dogs\u2019 welfare.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182026101577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T08:44:32Z","timestamp":1768812272000},"page":"403-406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Blood bronchial mucus with Dirofilaria immitis adult worms after the treatment with doxycycline and moxidectin: a rare case presentation"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"Larissa Leykman da Costa","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05x2svh05","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1964-4706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno Vinicios Silva de","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ksmb993","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Marcelo Azevedo de Paula","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05x2svh05","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moacir Bezerra de","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ksmb993","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael Antonio Nascimento","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University"},{"name":"National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (ENSP\/FIOCRUZ)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma","family":"Labarthe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04jhswv08","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata Pimentel Bandeira de","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ksmb993","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leucio C\u00e2mara","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ksmb993","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1984-29612023032"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29374\/2527-2179.bjvm001922"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05690-8"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2012.00955.x"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms1939.37.141"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2014003"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.702018"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref3","unstructured":"American Heartworm Society (2024). Heartworms in Dogs. Available at https:\/\/www.heartwormsociety.org\/heartworms-in-dogs (accessed 11 July 2025)."},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)00204-2"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29374\/2527-2179.bjvm008324"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.d4344"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13110950"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-09352012000400008"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29374\/2527-2179.bjvm002622"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00012-12"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109113"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref15","first-page":"57","article-title":"Morphological description, phylogenetic and molecular analysis of Dirofilaria immitis isolated from dogs in the Northwest of Iran","volume":"15","author":"Khanmohammadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2009.01659.x"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14131900"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref1","first-page":"e000320","article-title":"Unusual pulmonary thromboembolism in a Dirofilaria immitis infected dog","volume":"42","author":"Alberigi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000007149"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-024-06537-6"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref22","unstructured":"Nelson, CT , McCall, JW , Jones, S and Moorhead, A (2020). Current canine guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in dogs. Available at https:\/\/www.heartwormsociety.org\/veterinary-resources\/american-heartworm-society-guidelines (accessed 10 September 2025)"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2047-2"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2022.102683"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11606\/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.186835"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1697-9"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15640"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109131"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2024.10.005"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-023-05945-4"},{"key":"S0031182026101577_ref23","unstructured":"Nelson, T , McCall, JW , Jones, S and Moorhead, A (2018) \u201cCurrent guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in dogs: 2014, revised in 2018. Holly Springs, NC: American Heartworm Society. https:\/\/www.heartwormsociety.org\/veterinary-resources\/american-heartworm-society-guidelines (accessed 10 September 2025)."}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182026101577","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T08:36:11Z","timestamp":1779266171000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182026101577\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182026101577"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182026101577","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}